Hello, I´ve a litlle question about the heat. I´ve ever been told that heat is a way of energy, but now in the univesity a teacher has told me that it is not a way of energy, but a way of transfering energy.... Are the same the two definitons? which are the differences?

Thank you very much

Sorry, I´ve make a mistake posting it here, can a modertaror move it to the general forum ? Sorry....

There are several kinds of energy:

• potential
• kinetic
• thermal
• electrical
• chemical
• nuclear

Note thermal energy. Thermal energy = heat.

Heat is defined as "the energy transferred from one body or system to another as a result of a difference in temperature"

Heat is not a property. Things cannot "have" heat. Instead they have temperature. Temperature is the speed at which the molecules move within a body (of solid, liquid, gas, or plasma matter). So only things that have molecules have temperature. Space for instance does not have a temperature of zero; instead, it can be said that it "has no temperature", because it has no molecules. And as you may have heard previously, absolute zero is the cessation of all molecular motion within a body or system.

For the same reason that gases always equalize their pressure throughout the entire volume of their container, high-temperatures areas will try to conduct heat energy to lower-temperature areas, until all parts of the system have equal temperatures.

So in a sense, your teacher is correct, that it is the transfer of energy. But I do not understand your alternative definition "heat is a way of energy". This does not make sense.

Heat can make color. Some things are red hot, white hot or blue hot, such as stars. The sky is blue at room temperature, while a star needs to be really hot to make the same color. One can add certain chemicals to a red hot fire and get hotter colors than red. I can shine a red light on my hand without discomfort but if I put my hand near red-hot it burns.

If we take a piece of solid iron and heat it to red hot, the vibrations are not creating major electron transitions per se, since the metallic matrix sort of distributes the energy. But the solid iron is given off visable light as though these are occurring. One way to explain this is that heat is centered on the protons (nuclei) while normal EM output is centered on the electrons. In other words, the red hot iron is vibrating the nuclei of iron (pseudo-proton-orbitals) with the electron sort of reacting to this vibration. One needs to add more energy to compensate for the heavier protons to get the same type of visable output that an electron can do at room temperature.

Let me make this clear with a simple analogy. Say the nucleus was light and made of electrons bound closely together. In place of the electrons, we have the heavy protons in the orbitals. To kick a proton into a higher energy state, to the same position an electron would normally be, we have to take into consideration the inertia of its heavy mass. It will not react as quickly as an electron. The EM energy added would be enough to separate the charge but not enough to also move the heavy mass to the same spot, except very slowly. We would need to add something extra for the heavier mass. This is where thermal energy comes in. The combined energy needs to be higher, in this scenario, to get an EM distrance separation, that can occur with much less energy when electrons are in the orbitals. So a vibration of a molecule, are the nuclei moving in space back and forth, with this back and forth causing the electrons to have to react to keep up.

When looking in space one needs to be careful about which horse, the electron or protons are leading the EM cart, especially when there is a lot of thermal energy around. The sun's corona would be an excellent thermal boost for inversions that look like electron transitions.

Heat is basically the vibrations of atoms/particles. The more heat an object has, the higher the frequency the vibrations will be. Vibrations occur exclusively when there are 2 or more particles composing the particle/atom. Furthermore, when a vibration moves forward, then the vibration + forward movement, will look like a wave.

If one looks at a gas such as CO2 or O=C=O, it can translate in space, it can vibrate, it can bend back and forth and it can rotate over several axises. All of these motions involve the movement of the heavy C and O nuclei in space. The electrons stay within the confines of the bonds. Compared to the partial light speed motion of electrons, this motion is light weight. But for the nuclei this is a bigger deal.

When molecules of CO2 collide this creates addtional forces that cause rapid changes of direction which creates internal changes in bending, vibration and rotation. As we add heat, everything speeds up. But this is still light weight for the electrons. With the nuclei and moving in space, the position of the central positive charge is changing orientation resulting in the electrons needing to compensate. It is harder for the nuclei to get far enough from the electrons to create EM transition in the electrons except when there is a lot of thermal energy.

The inverse atom analogy is a good way to see the amount of thermal energy needed to move the mass so one gets the proper EM separation to give off light energy.

I would like to continue this analysis by looking at water or H2O. Liquid water is a poor conductor of electricity because the oxygen tightly bonds the electrons. Although the hydrogen shares these electrons, it is able to move more freely than the electrons within water. The pH affect or the equilibirum of OH- + H3O+ <--> 2(H2O) is one example, which shows that it is easier for the hydrogen proton to move between oxygen than electrons in liquid water. The net affect is the basis for an inverse chemistry affect, where the electrons on oxygen are sort of the negative nucleus.

One example of this affect can be seen in clouds. At the cold temperatures where clouds are found, one would expect rapid conversion to liquid water yet the cloud can remain as a vapor. The reason is the energy in the hydrogen. This keeps the electrons slightly ionized not allowing the normal hydrogen bonding of liquid water to form. Because of the hydrogenm clouds can stored more energy than just the heat of vaporization. To put it in perspective, the proton is say 1000 times heavier than the electron. At even a ten-fold increase in proton energy (thermal-kinetic) one would not even notice much in the way of any change within the electrons, since the EM force pertubations would only appear like 1% ionization of hydrogen bonding energy, which is small to begin with. Yet the energy of the cloud have increase by 2-10 fold.

If one looks at a hurricane, no phenomena in weather, without water, can generate the same punch. If one did a simple vaporization energy calculation, with the amount of water in a hurricane, one would have to conclude everthing else is what is causing this. But if you add the inverse chemical affect of even a ten-fold change in the hydrogen proton energy and maybe the nuclei of oxygen, it would look like nothing at the level of the electron, but would essentially multiple the energy. What we end up with, is a proton engine.

If you ever saw a thunderstorm approach, it is very dark. This can be explained with the hydrogen proton energy increasing. What this will do is ionize the electrons very slightly such that light gets sucks into the rising energy and stops reflecting back. Nothing fancy appears to be going on since it is not having a huge impact on the electrons. Dark matter could be explained with this inversion affect without anything new. It was the theory of dark energy that make me think about this inversion affect. I just tried to use stuff in the garage.


I am going on vacation of a few weeks to scramble my mind so I can have fresh eyes. It will be a draining vacation; I hope to drain many cylindical adult beverage canisters. I tried to leave a number of interesting thought projects over this past week.

How the collision of CO2 and H2O bleeds the energy of CO2. It is part of the inversion affect.

How special relativity creates gavity noise or noise in space-time that limits the affect range of gravity. The result is the paradox of how an accelerated expansion will cause a contraction.

The brain and nervous system is the smart tissue that controls cells in the body. If this messes up we get cancer and other problems. If we help it along we can change the way we do medicine.

Lastly, the inversion affect where the movement of heavy positive charge can store energy with hardly pertubating electrons.

There are only 2 basic types of energy.

Potential and Kinetic.

All other forms we learn in primary school can be explained as one or the other.