Expansion Theory
It is often over looked yet, vitally significant that in order for something to exist, there is the need for something, for something to exist in.
Our answers can only ever be as good as our questions.
I have written many posts on Expansion theory & The Speed of Time. I have enjoyed everyone’s feed back, debate and criticism, for that is what science is about.
Expansion theory attempts to give ONE answer to many of natures phenomena, it provides a mechanical and sensible model for us to view the universe.
One of the greatest proposals presented by Expansion theory is that Gravity is NOT a force IE NOT a force that should be associated with the other 3 – Weak Nuclear – Strong Nuclear and Electro Magnetic.
No explanation to why gravity is so week has yet been determined; however string theorists believe that gravity is a force that slips and spread itself through 11 different dimensions. It’s a fair stab in the dark answer but is the real question of gravity complete? Why does gravity effect time? When gravity is implemented in its most extreme (black holes) how gravity gives rise to the singularity –event horizon within a black hole.
Even though gravity appears to be a very real fundamental force of nature, its properties are far to unique to be included with the others – I think many mathematician string/M-theorists would love to see the back of gravity because it simply is not compatible with unification; however we can not discard gravity as a F-force unless we find another explanation to its nature.
The Big Bang – the universe began to expand…
This is another example where the questions stops short, what was expanding? SPACE & TIME.
I have enjoyed the debates given on this forum about TIME. Some like to regard TIME as just abstract concept others like to regard TIME as a forth dimension. Really we should view SPACE & TIME as the same thing.
An objects location is only subject to its duration IE “where is it?” where is it when – when are you going to be there?
This is where it all becomes a bit philosophical, but the principle of SPACE/TIME as the same is solid. Without distance there is NO time between them –without time, there is NO distance between points.
So the universe is expanding IE SPACE/TIME is expanding, now think about this, if space is expanding, time is expanding – everything is expanding. It is a fantastic notion to think all motion and unfolding events is the subject of expanding SPACE/TIME plus it makes perfect sense…
TIME & ITS RELATION TO VELOCITY
TIME/SPACE (note that I have swapped the term space/time, this is to provoke our view on the concept and to give emphasis on its relationship) is expanding, but at what rate? And does the velocity of expansion have credence on our reality?
The fabric of our universe is expanding; the fabric is made up of 3 well known dimensions, but could dimensions be the direct product of expansion IE if expansion were to suddenly stop what would happen to TIME/SPACE? This is where our brains freeze up, welcome to the event horizon – The Singularity
The speed that the universe is expanding plays a fundamental role in causality and pays homage to GR & SR
The expansion velocity is the ultimate constant within our universe, it sets the numbers of everything and our reality is determined. The value and properties of mass & energy all behave and interact with the expansion velocity – M-theorists believe this to be the Higgs field…
Expansion theory simplifies the Higgs field – it is not submitted as an entity, but as a number, a constant, an ultimate law to which everything must interact with – THE EXPANSION VELOCITY.
Mass, Gravity & expansion
Mass and its value is a subtraction of the expansion velocity IE mass dampens and resists the expansion velocity; thus slowing down expansion within its occupied domain. TIME/SPACE is slowed down and shrunk creating a field, an area of slowed down TIME/SPACE the universe is stretching and pulling, expanding in all directions, yet mass is holding back, the energy within mass is so great it can not keep up with the expansion velocity, thus we have GRAVITY…
Gravity Pulls, or does it? Gravity resists… Gravity is NOT a fundamental force; it does not pull. Mass creates resistance within the TIME/SPACE domain.
Many of us are aware that gravity distorts time, but little is said about the distortion of Space – TIME/SPACE is the same (EXPANSION) space is shrunk or slowed down hence the accumulative effect of gravity. Once matter is in the dampening or compressing field of expansion (gravity) the very domain it inhabits it shrunk, therefore it has nowhere else to go but to accumulate within the gravity well.
BLACK HOLES
Black holes are the ultimate gravity well. It is the point where TIME/SPACE is slowed down so much we are faced with the brain freezing concept of the singularity…
The expansion velocity is reduced to zero, thus causality collapses. TIME/SPACE, the expansion of the universe stops completely. Take a moment to imagine that…
Height, length, width, curvature and time STOPS in fact ceases to exist… but by the term “ceases” I have indicated TIME, the event horizon is NOT cessation of existence.
Black holes are the result of the accumulation of matter billions of years ago. Imagine that there are galaxies out there that we can NOT see because the light has not yet reached us, we can calls this visible light horizon that is how far away they are. This is another way to view an event horizon. We can use distance to gather an understanding of a light horizon. The event horizon of a black hole is similar; the distance in TIME from the point when resistance to the expansion velocity began is too far for us to render. Like trying to view light from a distance of a million light years from a light source that began half a million years ago…
This is one of the fascinating concepts of expansion theory and it works in unification with Einstein’s theory of Relativity. The future is feeding the present and the past stores information from the “relative” future.
Destiny states that our own sun will become a super-dense body, possibly contribute to a black hole, at that time it will be a massive gravity well sucking in everything. Even our own planet is destined to be swallowed up by our own sun; that is the future. The process is what we are witnessing in our present, the paradox is that the future has all ready happened…(destiny)
Expansion theory simplifies and tames our understanding of the universe, it is a way to view the universe without complication and mechanically. The overwhelming lord of laws is the very fact that the universe is expanding and by the value of its expansion velocity sets a new universal constant.
THE SPEED OF LIGHT – DARK ENERGY
The speed of light is very, very fast, or is it? Einstein theorized that TIME slows down when we reach greater velocity, many experiments have been done to support this theory and it is now widely accepted as a very real phenomenon of nature. TIME DILATION is a truly mind boggling concept, especially for those who do not like regarding TIME as anything else but an abstract concept.
TIME/SPACE or SPACE/TIME doesn’t matter, it is the same thing, the very fabric of SPACE/TIME is expanding, stretching, pulling even tearing the universe apart. (see cosmic strings) we recently discovered the presents of Dark Energy, a force of overwhelming proportions accelerating the expansion of the universe.
Does this contradict expansion theory… if the expansion velocity is a universal constant (Higgs field) the governing number that all mass/energy calculates itself to. Would an increasing acceleration of expansion destroy any notion of the expansion velocity being a universal constant?
This is where Expansion theory starts to become quite radical, yet remarkably fitting.
Our level of resistance to expansion is continuously increasing, as I mentioned earlier destiny has it that inevitably our sun will continue to gather mass and maybe our sun will become just a small amount of mass in a super-massive black hole.
The point is that the TIME/SPACE domain we occupy is forever slowing down, resisting expansion more and more as mass continues to accumulate and dampen the expansion velocity.
From our observations we have calculated that the expansion of the universe is speeding up… or is it?
Is the expansion of the universe speeding up, or are we slowing down?
If I was traveling in a vehicle that was reducing speed, but the car in front of me remained at a constant velocity, my initial observation would be that the car in front is accelerating away from me, when in fact it is I the observer who is slowing down.
Dark energy is the subject of much debate, the underlying force that drives expansion and according to expansion theory it can be said Dark Energy literally powers the universe, because the very nature of expansion is what gives us time and its dimensions. IE SPACE/TIME.
NUCLEAR REACTION & RADIOACTIVE DECAY
Amongst many things Expansion theory mechanically defines, the behavior of mass/energy is beautifully elaborated on.
The resisting expansion properties of mass is the result of a mathematical conundrum of sub-atomic particles interacting with the value of the expansion velocity (Higgs field) it is my belief that the fundamental sub-atomic building blocks (see The Standard Model) does not posses independent behavior properties, but instead they merely posses a value (shape or number) that calculates itself with the expansion velocity constant (Higgs Field) thus the calculation, or interaction with EVC (Expansion Velocity Constant) gives the particle its independent behavior pattern.
Our sun is a nuclear furnace, transforming hydrogen into helium along with the heavier elements… the transformation of matter into energy is truly remarkable and again we must ask WHY?
Why does this life giving phenomena happen?
During the very early stages of the universe the Expansion Velocity was not constant; many scientists have speculated an era called the inflationary period, where the universe went through a tremendous expansion velocity. This is the reason why it becomes very hard to calculate the precise moment of the big bang. Mass/energy and causality itself was caught in an uncertain ever changing master number. The Higgs field or Expansion velocity was not constant (causality and reality as we understand it is set by the Expansion velocity or Higgs field) the master number kept changing allowing very different realities to emerge, like anti-matter. It was only until the expansion velocity stabilized and an Expansion Velocity Constant was born, the sub-atomic world had something to calculate itself with – it was this master number that allowed matter to defeat anti-matter and present us with the reality we observe today.
Matter is vast amounts of energy locked up, does the resisting properties of expansion play apart in this. Mathematically and according to expansion theory, matter is somehow changing the Expansion velocity constant… doesn’t sound very constant. The truth is that the EVC is not really a constant when we view it over the age of the universe; however we can safely regard the EVC as pretty constant during the small blip in time that us, the observer, inhabits.
There is evidence that slight changes in EM values changed ever so slightly billions of years ago; was this a slight variation in the EVC.
All matter was created during the early universe, during a time when the EVC had a different value. It was a time when the sub-atomic world calculated it’s self into the fundamental forces along with anti-matter and into matter and possibly dark matter; however during the time of the creation of matter the EVC began to speed up again but not enough to annihilate matter back into its sub-atomic form, the energy became frozen and locked up, the EVC had not sped up enough to pull the energy apart completely, but instead the energy slowly leaked away IE Radio Active Decay.
Matter is Energy self calculated to exist in a slower Expansion Velocity domain – it is eloquent to imagine that matter is energy self designed to exist in a slower expanding reality, or to put simply – Energy out of sync
The gravity field is the domain or area in habited by matter, the transition area from one speed of TIME/SPACE to another.
The birth of a star is a momentous event of nature. This is the point where the residence to expansion finally breaks. Imagine the force contained in a bow when it is pulled back, if I was to keep pulling it would eventually break releasing enormous amounts of energy.
Expansion theory applies the same logic. Matter desperately resists the expansion of SPACE/TIME though the resistance only bends and compresses space which accumulates more mass and thus more resistance, the force of expansion or Dark Energy is overwhelming over the countless millions of years of accumulating more and more resistance until, like a snapping branch of a tree, matter breaks. The atom is split – the nuclear reaction gives birth to a star.
I hope you have enjoyed this elaboration of Expansion Theory and I would like to thank all those whom have E-mailed me with your support.
Please note that this is a shortened version of a detailed paper I am currently writing. I welcome all comments feed back and debate as I regard everyone’s views as useful research on how to communicate the theory.
Thank You
Happy pondering…