Harry Costas,
>The question is what is dark matter.
or better how does dark matter react to 1: open space 2: gravity ,, and my fav. how does it react to warped/compacted space?
HARRY COSTAS
Main secret of the QUASAR
(From link of NASA) A spectrum of M87 obtained in the 1150-2000 A spectral range by the IUE is discussed. The visual and UV energy distribution of the nucleus of M87 reveals an essentially continuous curve from 1300 to 10,500 A, and a turnup in flux below 2200 A. It is shown that this turnup is not a consequence of scattered light in the instrument, while a plot of the deconvolved M87 UV profile and the visual profile shows that the radiation in the 1300-2200 A spectral regions is distributed in the same way as the visual radiation it is not a point source. In addition, there is evidence in the UV for an emission line of C IV the relative strengths of C IV, H beta, and the forbidden O III lines at 4959 and 5007 A are consistent with those seen in planetary nebulae, but the forbidden O II line at 3727 A is much too strong.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Forbidden O II line at 3727 A is evidence of huge planetary meal by quasar. Big consistence of oxygen is only into planets. Planets are exploding to the quasar (to the super dense nucleus). Permanently explosion stars and its planets are creating surrounded fiery clouds. Without permanently explosion quasar could rapidly absorb surrounded fiery clouds and we have never seen forbidden lines in its spectrum. Permanently explosion stars and its planets are evidence of huge radiation and rapid variation of brightens displayed by many quasars.
This is cosmogeologycal explanation for scientists, and for you too. You are not blame, because you are studying false versions about quasar.
Main secret of the QUASAR
(From link of NASA) A spectrum of M87 obtained in the 1150-2000 A spectral range by the IUE is discussed. The visual and UV energy distribution of the nucleus of M87 reveals an essentially continuous curve from 1300 to 10,500 A, and a turnup in flux below 2200 A. It is shown that this turnup is not a consequence of scattered light in the instrument, while a plot of the deconvolved M87 UV profile and the visual profile shows that the radiation in the 1300-2200 A spectral regions is distributed in the same way as the visual radiation it is not a point source. In addition, there is evidence in the UV for an emission line of C IV the relative strengths of C IV, H beta, and the forbidden O III lines at 4959 and 5007 A are consistent with those seen in planetary nebulae, but the forbidden O II line at 3727 A is much too strong.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Forbidden O II line at 3727 A is evidence of huge planetary meal by quasar. Big consistence of oxygen is only into planets. Planets are exploding to the quasar (to the super dense nucleus). Permanently explosion stars and its planets are creating surrounded fiery clouds. Without permanently explosion quasar could rapidly absorb surrounded fiery clouds and we have never seen forbidden lines in its spectrum. Permanently explosion stars and its planets are evidence of huge radiation and rapid variation of brightens displayed by many quasars.
This is cosmogeologycal explanation for scientists, and for you too. You are not blame, because you are studying false versions about quasar.
The beginning of time. There was no before.
The birth of God. Creation. Us.
The ultimate theory does not explain. It needs God.
The birth of God. Creation. Us.
The ultimate theory does not explain. It needs God.
Hello Burt
With great respect to God.
Do not use God to excape the truth or to make the truth in your eyes only.
Observations of the working Universe is for all to see and not to have their eyes closed.
With great respect to God.
Do not use God to excape the truth or to make the truth in your eyes only.
Observations of the working Universe is for all to see and not to have their eyes closed.
QUOTE (BURT SP+Oct 3 2007, 10:53 PM)
The beginning of time. There was no before.
The birth of God. Creation. Us.
The ultimate theory does not explain. It needs God.
Burt sp,
I am one of God's biggest fans but, If things were as simple as you state it we would never have 99.999% of the things we use everyday. Our understanding (sometimes incorrectly) of how things work is what leads to inventions that make life much more fun than just "Birth, creation, us". Science and God should never butt heads, but walk hand in hand. as we understand things better we can see things in the Bible better. Some thought that it was heresy to say that the earth was not flat. but read your bible. God saw day and night at the same time. thus proof of a round earth. Yes? I can go on and on with scientific explanations of many events of the Bible that lead to a nice co-existence, not a head butting attitude that says that it has to be this or that way. It IS both. For theology to butt heads with science means your going to get a headache. After all the God that created it all, also created science, mathematics, and yes even evolution and perhaps big bangs too. The more we understand the one the better we should understand the other.
All,
I know this rant of mine was off topic but I can't help it.
The birth of God. Creation. Us.
The ultimate theory does not explain. It needs God.
Burt sp,
I am one of God's biggest fans but, If things were as simple as you state it we would never have 99.999% of the things we use everyday. Our understanding (sometimes incorrectly) of how things work is what leads to inventions that make life much more fun than just "Birth, creation, us". Science and God should never butt heads, but walk hand in hand. as we understand things better we can see things in the Bible better. Some thought that it was heresy to say that the earth was not flat. but read your bible. God saw day and night at the same time. thus proof of a round earth. Yes? I can go on and on with scientific explanations of many events of the Bible that lead to a nice co-existence, not a head butting attitude that says that it has to be this or that way. It IS both. For theology to butt heads with science means your going to get a headache. After all the God that created it all, also created science, mathematics, and yes even evolution and perhaps big bangs too. The more we understand the one the better we should understand the other.
All,
I know this rant of mine was off topic but I can't help it.
Hello Paul
I do not believe in God, that does not mean I do not have respect for those that do.
On another point
People have been discussing the Big Bang Theory without having any form of info. So I will post some of the links that I have in my comp.
This does not mean I support the Big Bang far, far from it. It is good to understand the different types of theories out there.
Here are some links in support of the Big Bang, later I will post against. For now maybe discuss the supporting issues.
Tango at your speed.
Big Bang Nucleosynthesis
http://www.astro.ucla.edu/~wright/BBNS.html
A Glimpse of the Young Milky Way
http://www.eso.org/public/outreach/p.../pr-19-02.html
Evidence for the Big Bang
http://www.talkorigins.org/faqs/astr....html#firstlaw
Frequently Asked Questions in Cosmology
http://www.astro.ucla.edu/~wright/co...y_faq.html#XIN
History of the Big Bang Theory
http://astrophysics.suite101.com/art...ig_bang_theory
Chapter 10 Origin of the Elements
http://www.lbl.gov/abc/wallchart/tea...pdf/Chap10.pdf
Mysterious iron factory in the Early Universe
http://www.mpe-garching.mpg.de/Highl...r20020708.html
Phase Transitions in the Early Universe
http://www.damtp.cam.ac.uk/user/gr/public/cs_phase.html
THE BIG BANG:
http://www.umich.edu/~gs265/bigbang.htm
Foundations of Big Bang Cosmology
http://map.gsfc.nasa.gov/m_uni/uni_101bb2.html
If anybody has links that can support the Big Bang, please post them.
I do not believe in God, that does not mean I do not have respect for those that do.
On another point
People have been discussing the Big Bang Theory without having any form of info. So I will post some of the links that I have in my comp.
This does not mean I support the Big Bang far, far from it. It is good to understand the different types of theories out there.
Here are some links in support of the Big Bang, later I will post against. For now maybe discuss the supporting issues.
Tango at your speed.
Big Bang Nucleosynthesis
http://www.astro.ucla.edu/~wright/BBNS.html
A Glimpse of the Young Milky Way
http://www.eso.org/public/outreach/p.../pr-19-02.html
Evidence for the Big Bang
http://www.talkorigins.org/faqs/astr....html#firstlaw
Frequently Asked Questions in Cosmology
http://www.astro.ucla.edu/~wright/co...y_faq.html#XIN
History of the Big Bang Theory
http://astrophysics.suite101.com/art...ig_bang_theory
Chapter 10 Origin of the Elements
http://www.lbl.gov/abc/wallchart/tea...pdf/Chap10.pdf
Mysterious iron factory in the Early Universe
http://www.mpe-garching.mpg.de/Highl...r20020708.html
Phase Transitions in the Early Universe
http://www.damtp.cam.ac.uk/user/gr/public/cs_phase.html
THE BIG BANG:
http://www.umich.edu/~gs265/bigbang.htm
Foundations of Big Bang Cosmology
http://map.gsfc.nasa.gov/m_uni/uni_101bb2.html
If anybody has links that can support the Big Bang, please post them.
QUOTE (Harry Costas+Sep 22 2006, 08:41 AM)
Hello All
Is there an origin. Or
Is that, just man's way of thinking that there is an origin.
We have many theories as to the origin and there are varies theories telling us there is no Origin and that the universe is infinite.
With all the modern scientists and astronomers and cosmologists and the many telsecopes on earth and outer sapce, you would think that a common thought as to the origin of the universe would develope.
Long time ago I was brain washed into the Big Bang and there was no way people could talk me out of it. They presented the Big Bang in such a way that I believed every part, because it was so logical and supported widely and became the standard model.
I'm not here trying to talk you out of the Big Bang, just advising people to look at modern observations and papers that explain the universe.
In my opinion, the universe is ongoing and recycles, that is the parts within the universe and not the universe itself.
Some parts are expanding and others are contracting, forming clusters of stars, clusters of galaxies, clusters of clusters forming super cluster of galaxies.
What about the so called expansion of the universe. They say it expands in time and space but! not the actual expansion in actual distance.
What are your thoughts?
Interesting thread, Harry.
Any act of creation would require a creator - the presence of which would violate the contention that originally nothing existed. And if all which exists was created, then whatever sired the Universe must, too, have been created by a predecessor, which, in turn, must have been preceded by a limitless lineage of ancestry. A cause and effect approach to the enigma of existence always results in an endless cycle of chicken-and-the-egg redundancy and no logical beginning is implied.
Don't try to claim that whatever created the cosmos wasn't subject to the laws of nature. If one such exemption can be conceded then so can others - without limit.
Before something can change, before something can act or be acted upon it must first exist. And if being is required in order for change to occur then cause and effect is a product of existence. This is, of course, the antithesis of the premise that existence is a product of cause and effect.
The only logical conclusion one may reach given the above is that the Universe did NOT begin and is, in fact, temporally eternal.
passages included from www.theory-of-reciprocity.com
Is there an origin. Or
Is that, just man's way of thinking that there is an origin.
We have many theories as to the origin and there are varies theories telling us there is no Origin and that the universe is infinite.
With all the modern scientists and astronomers and cosmologists and the many telsecopes on earth and outer sapce, you would think that a common thought as to the origin of the universe would develope.
Long time ago I was brain washed into the Big Bang and there was no way people could talk me out of it. They presented the Big Bang in such a way that I believed every part, because it was so logical and supported widely and became the standard model.
I'm not here trying to talk you out of the Big Bang, just advising people to look at modern observations and papers that explain the universe.
In my opinion, the universe is ongoing and recycles, that is the parts within the universe and not the universe itself.
Some parts are expanding and others are contracting, forming clusters of stars, clusters of galaxies, clusters of clusters forming super cluster of galaxies.
What about the so called expansion of the universe. They say it expands in time and space but! not the actual expansion in actual distance.
What are your thoughts?
Interesting thread, Harry.
Any act of creation would require a creator - the presence of which would violate the contention that originally nothing existed. And if all which exists was created, then whatever sired the Universe must, too, have been created by a predecessor, which, in turn, must have been preceded by a limitless lineage of ancestry. A cause and effect approach to the enigma of existence always results in an endless cycle of chicken-and-the-egg redundancy and no logical beginning is implied.
Don't try to claim that whatever created the cosmos wasn't subject to the laws of nature. If one such exemption can be conceded then so can others - without limit.
Before something can change, before something can act or be acted upon it must first exist. And if being is required in order for change to occur then cause and effect is a product of existence. This is, of course, the antithesis of the premise that existence is a product of cause and effect.
The only logical conclusion one may reach given the above is that the Universe did NOT begin and is, in fact, temporally eternal.
passages included from www.theory-of-reciprocity.com
The trouble with an eternal universe is that it would end up in a heat death with just some super-massive black holes existing and even they would fade away when the constituent particles which themselves are not eternal ceased to exist.
The big bang is laughably wrong and it is possible that the universe is far older than the 13.7 billion years claimed but I would think no more than several times as old. We just don't know how things began so all is still conjecture at present and meanwhile we have great entertainment with idiots babbling about branes in other dimensions/universes, etc.
The big bang is laughably wrong and it is possible that the universe is far older than the 13.7 billion years claimed but I would think no more than several times as old. We just don't know how things began so all is still conjecture at present and meanwhile we have great entertainment with idiots babbling about branes in other dimensions/universes, etc.
paul h. As I tried to explain to AnswersinGenesis recently, there are many christians in all fields of science and if God had made everything then their work would reveal it since science is neutral.
Isaiah earlier talks of a ball but when it talks of the Earth, it talks of a circle :
http://lexicon.scripturetext.com/isaiah/22-18.htm
Isaiah 22:18 Bible Lexicon
http://lexicon.scripturetext.com/isaiah/40-22.htm
Isaiah 40:22 Bible Lexicon
Isaiah earlier talks of a ball but when it talks of the Earth, it talks of a circle :
http://lexicon.scripturetext.com/isaiah/22-18.htm
Isaiah 22:18 Bible Lexicon
http://lexicon.scripturetext.com/isaiah/40-22.htm
Isaiah 40:22 Bible Lexicon
BURT SP. The problem with using God is that there is no evidence that he exists or that he made anything. It is just a belief of his followers. Your argument would have more force if you used some evidence.
Harry Costas. The escape velocity of a neutron star can be upto 2/3 light speed which means it is not going to casually give off any particles in the way you claim. If an envelope could somehow form around it, such gravity would promptly swallow that envelope and add to the mass of the neutron star.
Soultechs. Since movement of galaxies and such is basically "random", why should there not be areas which are temporarily clear of galaxies?
QUOTE (kaneda+Oct 16 2007, 03:35 PM)
The trouble with an eternal universe is that it would end up in a heat death with just some super-massive black holes existing and even they would fade away when the constituent particles which themselves are not eternal ceased to exist.
The big bang is laughably wrong and it is possible that the universe is far older than the 13.7 billion years claimed but I would think no more than several times as old. We just don't know how things began so all is still conjecture at present and meanwhile we have great entertainment with idiots babbling about branes in other dimensions/universes, etc.
If the Universe were finite, you would be right.
And if the Universe 'began' it would HAVE TO be finite unless it expanded at an infinite rate or for an infinite amount of time.
Fortunately it did not begin. And it is not finite.
Energy cannot 'exit' the Universe, it can only move around. And beyond our threshhold of detection there is probably more of the same coming back at us.
The big bang is laughably wrong and it is possible that the universe is far older than the 13.7 billion years claimed but I would think no more than several times as old. We just don't know how things began so all is still conjecture at present and meanwhile we have great entertainment with idiots babbling about branes in other dimensions/universes, etc.
If the Universe were finite, you would be right.
And if the Universe 'began' it would HAVE TO be finite unless it expanded at an infinite rate or for an infinite amount of time.
Fortunately it did not begin. And it is not finite.
Energy cannot 'exit' the Universe, it can only move around. And beyond our threshhold of detection there is probably more of the same coming back at us.
Something from invisible/indivisible nothing? Some place to another? Where has our universe come from(probabilities of energy unwind)? Is there something left where the energy contained in our universe came from? does it matter? what are the time frames along the way? lol
THoR. Since we can only see thirteen or so billion years ago (if our distance estimates are correct), we cannot know what is beyond that so cannot know it is not finite.
Of course energy cannot exit the universe though in an infinitely big universe, that would cause the same effect where energy moving at light speed would eventually leave all matter behind.
Black holes grow and grow and since Hawking radiation is nonsense, continue growing. Given enough time and the chance, they will own virtually all matter. In an infinitely old universe, that would have already happened as would a heat death where the universe is full of loose particles of equal energy for whatever's left.
Of course energy cannot exit the universe though in an infinitely big universe, that would cause the same effect where energy moving at light speed would eventually leave all matter behind.
Black holes grow and grow and since Hawking radiation is nonsense, continue growing. Given enough time and the chance, they will own virtually all matter. In an infinitely old universe, that would have already happened as would a heat death where the universe is full of loose particles of equal energy for whatever's left.
Soultechs. We can only make guesses at how the universe began at present. Some go on about other universes, dimensions and such but it is all unproven stuff. We just don't know.
Time frames is billions of years. Possibly 13.7, possibly 14.7 and possibly a lot, lot longer. There are things that have to be taken on trust to accept them, like the big bang idea which is just plain wrong.
Time frames is billions of years. Possibly 13.7, possibly 14.7 and possibly a lot, lot longer. There are things that have to be taken on trust to accept them, like the big bang idea which is just plain wrong.
Yes these are all best fit models not completely fact but workable with. My post was an extrapolation from my previous post of tilted figure 8 plastic bottles carousel of hydrodynamic/magneto-fluid-dynamic power generation. I read the response however I'm not going to hijack someone else's thread with possible toxic ifs and but's. Plenty of ideas have been circulating ages without resolution unbenownced to me, they were two thoughts that came together in an spur of the moment idea/impulse not years.
Hello All
Black Holes are theoretical.
In reality they are probably Neutron Cores with enough matter to create an EM/G field so strong that even EMR cannot escape.
We also know that every compacted core is able to generate a jet stream via Z-Pinch dynamics. These jets can eject matter millions of light years into space and are able and responsible for the evolution and form of the galaxies.
Just google for evolution of galaxies and you will find that many think that the neucleon and its rate of activity is responsible for the form of the galaxy.
Black holes although can grow and grow there comes a time that they eject matter. Its part of the cyclic universe.
Black Holes are theoretical.
In reality they are probably Neutron Cores with enough matter to create an EM/G field so strong that even EMR cannot escape.
We also know that every compacted core is able to generate a jet stream via Z-Pinch dynamics. These jets can eject matter millions of light years into space and are able and responsible for the evolution and form of the galaxies.
Just google for evolution of galaxies and you will find that many think that the neucleon and its rate of activity is responsible for the form of the galaxy.
Black holes although can grow and grow there comes a time that they eject matter. Its part of the cyclic universe.
Harry Costas. You believe then that neutron stars can exist with billions of solar masses then?
If EMR cannot escape, then nothing else can escape, no jet streams. We know from analyzing such jet streams that they are conventional matter which means they have never been inside a neutron star gravitational field. The amount of material is relatively tiny and moving away at near light speed (escape velocity as in they are going to move away forever) so they are not going to form a galaxy in any way.
Evidence that anything can escape from a black hole? Science has found none other than the nonsensical Hawking radiation.
If EMR cannot escape, then nothing else can escape, no jet streams. We know from analyzing such jet streams that they are conventional matter which means they have never been inside a neutron star gravitational field. The amount of material is relatively tiny and moving away at near light speed (escape velocity as in they are going to move away forever) so they are not going to form a galaxy in any way.
Evidence that anything can escape from a black hole? Science has found none other than the nonsensical Hawking radiation.
Hello All
Neutron Cores maybe be able to contain billions of solar masses.
Unless the theoretical quarks and preonparticles make up composites. This would change the game.
As for escaping the so called black hole nothing can escape, but for the internal process of Z-pinch dynamic. In other would driver of the jet is within the compacted.
As for scientists giving you evidence.
Nobody can.
===================================
Kaneda your childish attitude will lead many not to discuss things with you. Unless you have been paid via another forum to disrupt this one.
Neutron Cores maybe be able to contain billions of solar masses.
Unless the theoretical quarks and preonparticles make up composites. This would change the game.
As for escaping the so called black hole nothing can escape, but for the internal process of Z-pinch dynamic. In other would driver of the jet is within the compacted.
As for scientists giving you evidence.
Nobody can.
===================================
Kaneda your childish attitude will lead many not to discuss things with you. Unless you have been paid via another forum to disrupt this one.
Harry Costas. I ask you a simple question and get insults in return. Though I have proved them wrong in the past, you still cling to the same childish ideas which no one else but you believes. There is no hope for you.
Hello All
The only thing that Kaneda has proven is the lack of understanding.
All your posts are full of it,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.
Focus on the topics. Your EGO is big enough.
===================================
For those who are interested in Zpinch dynamics
Just google for it.
As for Black Holes maybe look at MECO
http://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0506183
Magnetospheric Eternally Collapsing Objects (MECOs): Likely New Class of Source of Cosmic Particle Acceleration
http://front.math.ucdavis.edu/0602.1453
The Magnetospheric Eternally Collapsing Object (MECO) Model of Galactic Black Hole Candidates and Active Galactic Nuclei
http://hepg.sdu.edu.cn/Chinese/literatures...1-og12-oral.pdf
Magnetospheric Eternally Collapsing Objects (MECOs): Likely New
Class of Source of Cosmic Particle Acceleration
http://www.physorg.com/news73057202.html
http://www.world-science.net/othernews/060811_quasar.htm
http://www.world-science.net/othernews/060811_quasar.htm
One of the brightest and furthest known objects in the universe might not be a black hole as traditionally believed, but rather an exotic new type of object, a new study suggests.
Google for MECO
http://www.google.com/search?sourceid=navc...lapsing+Objects
Sometimes we need to look further and understand more of our universe in order think laterally.
I for one know that the more I read the more I find that I know very little.
The only thing that Kaneda has proven is the lack of understanding.
All your posts are full of it,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.
Focus on the topics. Your EGO is big enough.
===================================
For those who are interested in Zpinch dynamics
Just google for it.
As for Black Holes maybe look at MECO
http://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0506183
Magnetospheric Eternally Collapsing Objects (MECOs): Likely New Class of Source of Cosmic Particle Acceleration
http://front.math.ucdavis.edu/0602.1453
The Magnetospheric Eternally Collapsing Object (MECO) Model of Galactic Black Hole Candidates and Active Galactic Nuclei
http://hepg.sdu.edu.cn/Chinese/literatures...1-og12-oral.pdf
Magnetospheric Eternally Collapsing Objects (MECOs): Likely New
Class of Source of Cosmic Particle Acceleration
http://www.physorg.com/news73057202.html
QUOTE
The seething core of a quasar currently is pictured as containing a disk of hot gas spiraling into a supermassive black hole. Some of that gas is forcefully ejected outward in two opposing jets at nearly the speed of light. Theorists struggle to understand the physics of the accretion disk and jets, while observers struggle to peer into the quasar's heart. The central "engine" powering the jets is difficult to study telescopically because the region is so compact and Earth observers are so far away
http://www.world-science.net/othernews/060811_quasar.htm
QUOTE (->
| QUOTE |
| The seething core of a quasar currently is pictured as containing a disk of hot gas spiraling into a supermassive black hole. Some of that gas is forcefully ejected outward in two opposing jets at nearly the speed of light. Theorists struggle to understand the physics of the accretion disk and jets, while observers struggle to peer into the quasar's heart. The central "engine" powering the jets is difficult to study telescopically because the region is so compact and Earth observers are so far away |
http://www.world-science.net/othernews/060811_quasar.htm
One of the brightest and furthest known objects in the universe might not be a black hole as traditionally believed, but rather an exotic new type of object, a new study suggests.
Google for MECO
http://www.google.com/search?sourceid=navc...lapsing+Objects
Sometimes we need to look further and understand more of our universe in order think laterally.
I for one know that the more I read the more I find that I know very little.
Harry Costas. Still a total refusal to explain anything and you still just post links which are usually easy to prove wrong by all but you. You are so gullible.
http://www.physorg.com/news79361214.html
Conventional matter and not collapsed material from inside an ultra-dense area as I have pointed out to you a number of times!
QUOTE
Black hole particle jets are commonly seen in quasars and other celestial objects, shooting off at nearly light speed. According to the Swift team, these jets appear to be made of protons and electrons, solving a mystery as old as the discovery of jets themselves in the 1970s.
http://www.physorg.com/news79361214.html
Conventional matter and not collapsed material from inside an ultra-dense area as I have pointed out to you a number of times!
Hello Kaneda
http://www.physorg.com/news79361214.html
There is no question about it, the quote is correct as an opinion.
The problem with research is this.
WE cannot get close enough to study the initial ejection of degenerate matter which changes to normal matter very quickly and forms the matter that reforms its surroundings.
What drives the jets is the BIG question.
http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1978Ap%26SS..55..487A
On Possible Electric Phenomena in Solar Systems and Nebulae
http://www.catastrophism.com/texts/birkeland/
http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu//full/1...000001.000.html
The blowtorch jet in the radio galaxy NGC 6251
http://www.astr.ua.edu/keel/agn/ngc6251.html
There is no question about it, the quote is correct as an opinion.
The problem with research is this.
WE cannot get close enough to study the initial ejection of degenerate matter which changes to normal matter very quickly and forms the matter that reforms its surroundings.
What drives the jets is the BIG question.
http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1978Ap%26SS..55..487A
On Possible Electric Phenomena in Solar Systems and Nebulae
http://www.catastrophism.com/texts/birkeland/
http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu//full/1...000001.000.html
The blowtorch jet in the radio galaxy NGC 6251
http://www.astr.ua.edu/keel/agn/ngc6251.html
One important lesson from radio galaxies is that the central engine continues to eject material in nearly the same direction for at least several million years, based on the fact that the tiny parsec-scale jets in the core regions point in the same direction as the very extended radio structure which may stretch several million light-years (and thus took at least that many years to form)
Plasma
The Fundamental State of Matter
http://www.electric-cosmos.org/electricplasma.htm
Whatch this lside movie
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2007/3c43...438_anim_lg.mpg
Image:Magnetic rope.png
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Magnetic_rope.png
NASA: Major Step Toward Knowing Origin of Cosmic Rays
http://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/t...rated_rays.html
Whatch this lside movie
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2007/3c43...438_anim_lg.mpg
Image:Magnetic rope.png
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Magnetic_rope.png
NASA: Major Step Toward Knowing Origin of Cosmic Rays
http://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/t...rated_rays.html
Only one known process can explain the Chandra observations. Electrons must be spiraling along magnetic-field lines and radiating away their energy as so-called synchrotron radiation. For such a rapid increase and decrease in X-ray intensity, electrons must be accelerating and emitting synchrotron radiation in the presence of a magnetic field hundreds of times stronger than typical fields in interstellar space.
"Magnetic field strength lies at the heart of cosmic-ray acceleration theory," says Uchiyama. "Previous estimates of magnetic fields in supernova remnants were based on indirect arguments. In our study, we determine the magnetic field in a direct manner."
"This is an extremely important paper," adds physicist Don Ellison of North Carolina State University in Raleigh, who is not a member of Uchiyama’s team. "This is the first time such rapid X-ray variability has been seen in a supernova remnant. It has been generally accepted that certain X-ray emission in supernova remnants is synchrotron radiation from high-speed electrons, but it is important to nail it down and get a measurement of the magnetic field."
Suzaku spectra of RXJ1713.7 provide independent evidence of rapid acceleration. They show that the hot spots have tangled magnetic fields, which allow particles to bounce back and forth rapidly until they are accelerated to very high energies. Since electrons and protons of a given energy are accelerated at the same high rate, but protons don’t radiate away their energy as electrons do, Uchiyama’s team argues that protons will be accelerated to the higher energies needed to match the energies seen in cosmic rays striking Earth’s atmosphere.
"This paper is important in that it seems to show that cosmic-ray protons can be accelerated to higher energies than previously thought," says physicist Robert Streitmatter of NASA Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md., who is not a member of the team.
http://www.nrao.edu/imagegallery/php/level3.php?id=501
Relativistic jets and beams in radio galaxies
MARTIN J. REES
Institute of Astronomy, Madingley Road, Cambridge, UK
RADIO-ASTRONOMICAL observations have recently clarified the link between the components of extended double sources and the primary power supply in the central galactic nucleus. The new data vindicate the general idea1−4 that power is continuously supplied by beams; it seems, furthermore, that the beams are collimated in a scale little larger than the central power supply ( 1 pc), and that the orientation remains fairly steady over the whole lifetime. The giant double source 3C236, 2 107 light yr in total extent5,6, has a compact central component aligned with the overall axis7; a similar phenomenon is observed in Cygnus A (ref. 8). In NGC6251, a straight jet 200 kpc long9 emanates from a 'blowtorch' 0.1 pc wide in the galactic nucleus10. There is a radio jet11 in 3C147 reminiscent of the well-known features in M87 and 3C273; and very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) reveals linear structure in several compact extragalactic sources12. It is argued here that collimation occurs close to a central collapsed object, and that the beams are orientated along its spin axis. Strong-field gravitational effects then stabilise the beams against jitter even if the gas fuelling the source has an inconstant flow pattern. Radio galaxies where the beam axis seems to have gradually drifted or swung, rather than pointing in a constant direction, may belong to a special class that have experienced collisions and recurrent nuclear activity.
Jet images
http://www.nrao.edu/imagegallery/php/level1.php
Seeing Circuits (2)
http://thunderbolts.info/tpod/2005/arch05/...ng-circuits.htm
Formation of Relativistic Outflows in Shearing Black Hole Accretion Coronae
Sorry for making it so long. Its just that Kaneda never reads because he knows it all.
...... couple of spectacular idiots engaging in some ritualistic mating dance.
http://www.physorg.com/news79361214.html
QUOTE
The composition of black hole jets has been the topic of heated debate for several decades. Scientists generally agree that the jets must be made either of electrons and their antimatter partners, called positrons, or an even mix of electrons and protons. Recent theoretical and observational advances have pointed in the direction of the latter. The Swift data provides the most compelling evidence to date that the jets must have protons.
There is no question about it, the quote is correct as an opinion.
The problem with research is this.
WE cannot get close enough to study the initial ejection of degenerate matter which changes to normal matter very quickly and forms the matter that reforms its surroundings.
What drives the jets is the BIG question.
http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1978Ap%26SS..55..487A
On Possible Electric Phenomena in Solar Systems and Nebulae
http://www.catastrophism.com/texts/birkeland/
http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu//full/1...000001.000.html
The blowtorch jet in the radio galaxy NGC 6251
http://www.astr.ua.edu/keel/agn/ngc6251.html
QUOTE (->
| QUOTE |
| The composition of black hole jets has been the topic of heated debate for several decades. Scientists generally agree that the jets must be made either of electrons and their antimatter partners, called positrons, or an even mix of electrons and protons. Recent theoretical and observational advances have pointed in the direction of the latter. The Swift data provides the most compelling evidence to date that the jets must have protons. |
There is no question about it, the quote is correct as an opinion.
The problem with research is this.
WE cannot get close enough to study the initial ejection of degenerate matter which changes to normal matter very quickly and forms the matter that reforms its surroundings.
What drives the jets is the BIG question.
http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1978Ap%26SS..55..487A
On Possible Electric Phenomena in Solar Systems and Nebulae
http://www.catastrophism.com/texts/birkeland/
http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu//full/1...000001.000.html
The blowtorch jet in the radio galaxy NGC 6251
http://www.astr.ua.edu/keel/agn/ngc6251.html
One important lesson from radio galaxies is that the central engine continues to eject material in nearly the same direction for at least several million years, based on the fact that the tiny parsec-scale jets in the core regions point in the same direction as the very extended radio structure which may stretch several million light-years (and thus took at least that many years to form)
Plasma
The Fundamental State of Matter
http://www.electric-cosmos.org/electricplasma.htm
QUOTE
The Z-Pinch
Electric current, passing through a plasma, will take on the corkscrew (spiral) shape discovered by Birkeland. These Birkeland currents most often occur in pairs. There is a tendency for these pairs to compress between them any material (ionized or not) in the plasma. This is called the "z-pinch" effect. The ability of Birkeland currents to accrete and compress even non-ionized material is called "Marklund convection".
Electric current, passing through a plasma, will take on the corkscrew (spiral) shape discovered by Birkeland. These Birkeland currents most often occur in pairs. There is a tendency for these pairs to compress between them any material (ionized or not) in the plasma. This is called the "z-pinch" effect. The ability of Birkeland currents to accrete and compress even non-ionized material is called "Marklund convection".
Whatch this lside movie
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2007/3c43...438_anim_lg.mpg
Image:Magnetic rope.png
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Magnetic_rope.png
NASA: Major Step Toward Knowing Origin of Cosmic Rays
http://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/t...rated_rays.html
QUOTE (->
| QUOTE |
| The Z-Pinch Electric current, passing through a plasma, will take on the corkscrew (spiral) shape discovered by Birkeland. These Birkeland currents most often occur in pairs. There is a tendency for these pairs to compress between them any material (ionized or not) in the plasma. This is called the "z-pinch" effect. The ability of Birkeland currents to accrete and compress even non-ionized material is called "Marklund convection". |
Whatch this lside movie
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2007/3c43...438_anim_lg.mpg
Image:Magnetic rope.png
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Magnetic_rope.png
NASA: Major Step Toward Knowing Origin of Cosmic Rays
http://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/t...rated_rays.html
Only one known process can explain the Chandra observations. Electrons must be spiraling along magnetic-field lines and radiating away their energy as so-called synchrotron radiation. For such a rapid increase and decrease in X-ray intensity, electrons must be accelerating and emitting synchrotron radiation in the presence of a magnetic field hundreds of times stronger than typical fields in interstellar space.
"Magnetic field strength lies at the heart of cosmic-ray acceleration theory," says Uchiyama. "Previous estimates of magnetic fields in supernova remnants were based on indirect arguments. In our study, we determine the magnetic field in a direct manner."
"This is an extremely important paper," adds physicist Don Ellison of North Carolina State University in Raleigh, who is not a member of Uchiyama’s team. "This is the first time such rapid X-ray variability has been seen in a supernova remnant. It has been generally accepted that certain X-ray emission in supernova remnants is synchrotron radiation from high-speed electrons, but it is important to nail it down and get a measurement of the magnetic field."
Suzaku spectra of RXJ1713.7 provide independent evidence of rapid acceleration. They show that the hot spots have tangled magnetic fields, which allow particles to bounce back and forth rapidly until they are accelerated to very high energies. Since electrons and protons of a given energy are accelerated at the same high rate, but protons don’t radiate away their energy as electrons do, Uchiyama’s team argues that protons will be accelerated to the higher energies needed to match the energies seen in cosmic rays striking Earth’s atmosphere.
"This paper is important in that it seems to show that cosmic-ray protons can be accelerated to higher energies than previously thought," says physicist Robert Streitmatter of NASA Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md., who is not a member of the team.
http://www.nrao.edu/imagegallery/php/level3.php?id=501
QUOTE
More than 100 million years ago, the giant elliptical galaxy, NGC1316 (center of the image), began devouring its small northern neighbor. The complex radio emission, associated with this encounter (called Fornax A, shown in orange) was imaged using the Very Large Array in New Mexico. This image shows the radio emission superimposed on an optical image (STScI/POSS-II). The radio emission consists of two large radio lobes, each about 600,000 light years across. As NGC 1316 cannibalizes the smaller galaxy, it strips away material that spirals toward a black hole at the center of the giant elliptical, which produces rings and asymmetries in NGC 1316. Friction from the in-falling matter generates a ten-million-degree plasma surrounding the black hole that emits an enormous amount of light and x-rays. By a magnetic focusing mechanism, not yet understood, high-energy particles are “beamed” away from the hot plasma in opposite directions – faint radio leakage (shown by the short, orange jets near the galaxy’s heart) hint at this process. The flow of material is essentially invisible until the particles smash into tenuous material some 500,000 light years from the galaxy, producing the strong, orange radio-emission
QUOTE (->
| QUOTE |
| More than 100 million years ago, the giant elliptical galaxy, NGC1316 (center of the image), began devouring its small northern neighbor. The complex radio emission, associated with this encounter (called Fornax A, shown in orange) was imaged using the Very Large Array in New Mexico. This image shows the radio emission superimposed on an optical image (STScI/POSS-II). The radio emission consists of two large radio lobes, each about 600,000 light years across. As NGC 1316 cannibalizes the smaller galaxy, it strips away material that spirals toward a black hole at the center of the giant elliptical, which produces rings and asymmetries in NGC 1316. Friction from the in-falling matter generates a ten-million-degree plasma surrounding the black hole that emits an enormous amount of light and x-rays. By a magnetic focusing mechanism, not yet understood, high-energy particles are “beamed” away from the hot plasma in opposite directions – faint radio leakage (shown by the short, orange jets near the galaxy’s heart) hint at this process. The flow of material is essentially invisible until the particles smash into tenuous material some 500,000 light years from the galaxy, producing the strong, orange radio-emission |
Relativistic jets and beams in radio galaxies
MARTIN J. REES
Institute of Astronomy, Madingley Road, Cambridge, UK
RADIO-ASTRONOMICAL observations have recently clarified the link between the components of extended double sources and the primary power supply in the central galactic nucleus. The new data vindicate the general idea1−4 that power is continuously supplied by beams; it seems, furthermore, that the beams are collimated in a scale little larger than the central power supply ( 1 pc), and that the orientation remains fairly steady over the whole lifetime. The giant double source 3C236, 2 107 light yr in total extent5,6, has a compact central component aligned with the overall axis7; a similar phenomenon is observed in Cygnus A (ref. 8). In NGC6251, a straight jet 200 kpc long9 emanates from a 'blowtorch' 0.1 pc wide in the galactic nucleus10. There is a radio jet11 in 3C147 reminiscent of the well-known features in M87 and 3C273; and very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) reveals linear structure in several compact extragalactic sources12. It is argued here that collimation occurs close to a central collapsed object, and that the beams are orientated along its spin axis. Strong-field gravitational effects then stabilise the beams against jitter even if the gas fuelling the source has an inconstant flow pattern. Radio galaxies where the beam axis seems to have gradually drifted or swung, rather than pointing in a constant direction, may belong to a special class that have experienced collisions and recurrent nuclear activity.
Jet images
http://www.nrao.edu/imagegallery/php/level1.php
Seeing Circuits (2)
http://thunderbolts.info/tpod/2005/arch05/...ng-circuits.htm
Formation of Relativistic Outflows in Shearing Black Hole Accretion Coronae
QUOTE
We examine the possibility that the relativistic jets observed in many active galactic nuclei may be powered by the Fermi acceleration of protons in a tenuous corona above a two-temperature accretion disk. In this picture the acceleration arises as a consequence of the shearing motion of the magnetic field in the corona, which is anchored in the underlying Keplerian disk. The protons in the corona have a power-law distribution because the density there is too low for proton-proton collisions to thermalize the energy supplied via Fermi acceleration. The same shear acceleration mechanism also operates in the disk itself; however, there the density is high enough for thermalization to occur and consequently the disk protons have a Maxwellian distribution.
Particle acceleration in the corona leads to the development of a pressure-driven wind that passes through a critical point and subsequently transforms into a relativistic jet at large distances from the black hole. We combine the critical conditions for the wind with the structure equations for the disk and the corona to obtain a coupled disk-corona-wind model. Using the coupled model, we compute the asymptotic Lorentz factor of the jet as a function of the cylindrical starting radius at the base of the outflow, in the corona. Our results suggest that 10, which is consistent with observations of superluminal motion in blazars. We show that collisions between the jet and broad-line emission clouds can produce high-energy radiation with a luminosity sufficient to power the -rays observed from blazars.
Particle acceleration in the corona leads to the development of a pressure-driven wind that passes through a critical point and subsequently transforms into a relativistic jet at large distances from the black hole. We combine the critical conditions for the wind with the structure equations for the disk and the corona to obtain a coupled disk-corona-wind model. Using the coupled model, we compute the asymptotic Lorentz factor of the jet as a function of the cylindrical starting radius at the base of the outflow, in the corona. Our results suggest that 10, which is consistent with observations of superluminal motion in blazars. We show that collisions between the jet and broad-line emission clouds can produce high-energy radiation with a luminosity sufficient to power the -rays observed from blazars.
Sorry for making it so long. Its just that Kaneda never reads because he knows it all.
Harry Costas. Same old, same old. At least AlphaNumeric parrots from a better class of internet site.
If you have degenerate matter which then converts to ordinary matter you are going to get some very heavy gamma rays which we would easily detect, but don't here.
It is now old news that magnetic fields whipping around drives these jets, using material OUTSIDE black holes and neutron stars. An upgraded version of what we detect on our own sun.
Everyone ignores Birkeland and NASA wants nothing to do with him. I read some of his work you quoted in the past and found numerous mistakes in the first few paragraphs. If even I can do this, how can any professional take him seriously?
Superluminal velocity? FTL? It doesn't happen.
I'd get more knowledge from the Beano than reading the plasma cosmology pseudo science you post. Do you think just passing on links to us and quoting from quack sites is going to impress anyone here? That is standard creationist tactics, using factual sites to try and disguise quackery.
If you have degenerate matter which then converts to ordinary matter you are going to get some very heavy gamma rays which we would easily detect, but don't here.
It is now old news that magnetic fields whipping around drives these jets, using material OUTSIDE black holes and neutron stars. An upgraded version of what we detect on our own sun.
Everyone ignores Birkeland and NASA wants nothing to do with him. I read some of his work you quoted in the past and found numerous mistakes in the first few paragraphs. If even I can do this, how can any professional take him seriously?
Superluminal velocity? FTL? It doesn't happen.
I'd get more knowledge from the Beano than reading the plasma cosmology pseudo science you post. Do you think just passing on links to us and quoting from quack sites is going to impress anyone here? That is standard creationist tactics, using factual sites to try and disguise quackery.
Hello Kaneda
You have a closed mind.
Nobody can help you.
As for NASA they are undergoing many changes. These changes will be made within 2 years. Stick around for the Big Bang.
You have a closed mind.
Nobody can help you.
As for NASA they are undergoing many changes. These changes will be made within 2 years. Stick around for the Big Bang.
QUOTE (Harry Costas+Oct 22 2007, 03:08 PM)
Hello Kaneda
You have a closed mind.
Nobody can help you.
As for NASA they are undergoing many changes. These changes will be made within 2 years. Stick around for the Big Bang.
This from someone who still quotes the same discredited information. How many times do you have to be proved wrong before you can accept it?
So you believe NASA is going to be restaffed by a bunch of idiots who will dump everything that has gone before and will then accept plasma cosmology?
You have a closed mind.
Nobody can help you.
As for NASA they are undergoing many changes. These changes will be made within 2 years. Stick around for the Big Bang.
This from someone who still quotes the same discredited information. How many times do you have to be proved wrong before you can accept it?
So you believe NASA is going to be restaffed by a bunch of idiots who will dump everything that has gone before and will then accept plasma cosmology?
Hello Kaneda
You must live in fantasy world.
Last post from me.
You must live in fantasy world.
Last post from me.
Plasma cosmology = God plugged the universe into his heavenly power socket, turned the electricity on and everything started. Or so Harry Costas believes.
...... couple of spectacular idiots engaging in some ritualistic mating dance.
Hello All
It seems one idiot replaces another.
Rabbit are you here to discuss or just to be an idiot.
As for Kaneda he will say anything out of nothing.
It seems one idiot replaces another.
Rabbit are you here to discuss or just to be an idiot.
As for Kaneda he will say anything out of nothing.
Rabbit. The usual tripe. I don't know how you have the utter cheek to call anyone else stupid considering the trash you post?
Harry Costas. You proved yourself a liar by making another post after your last post.
Harry Costas. You proved yourself a liar by making another post after your last post.
Harry Costas. Insults are one thing but deliberate lies another. I have complained to the moderator about them.
kaneda, you said you don't drink or smoke. Maybe you should start.
When reporting to the moderators, do you whine, or suck up?
When reporting to the moderators, do you whine, or suck up?
Hello All
Hello Sapo, Kaneda may have a real problem.
One day he may show some interest and be able to discuss issues.
=======================================
As for the origins of the universe.
One needs to research the workings of the parts within the universe.
How stars and galaxies evolve and what is the key to it all.
Can we explain it by a process of recycling or just put our hands in the air and say the big bang did it all and go to sleep.
Hello Sapo, Kaneda may have a real problem.
One day he may show some interest and be able to discuss issues.
=======================================
As for the origins of the universe.
One needs to research the workings of the parts within the universe.
How stars and galaxies evolve and what is the key to it all.
Can we explain it by a process of recycling or just put our hands in the air and say the big bang did it all and go to sleep.
Sapo. How's it going fivedumbnuts? Still posting crap I see.
Harry Costas. Yet another last post.
Since when have you ever debated? When I tried it some posts back, you got bitter and twisted over it and started insulting me because you cannot stand debate because it always shows you wrong.
If I had anything in common with a clod like you I would go see a psychiatrist.
Since when have you ever debated? When I tried it some posts back, you got bitter and twisted over it and started insulting me because you cannot stand debate because it always shows you wrong.
If I had anything in common with a clod like you I would go see a psychiatrist.
Hello All
Interesting reading
The Alternative-Science Respectability Checklist
http://cosmicvariance.com/2007/06/19/the-a...lity-checklist/
The question is how can you tell if someone is a crank pot or a smart cookie.
================================
So! is there an origin or do we have a recycling universe?
Big Bang's Afterglow Fails an Intergalactic Shadow Test
http://www.physorg.com/news76314500.html
The question is how can you tell if someone is a crank pot or a smart cookie.
================================
So! is there an origin or do we have a recycling universe?
Big Bang's Afterglow Fails an Intergalactic Shadow Test
http://www.physorg.com/news76314500.html
The apparent absence of shadows where shadows were expected to be is raising new questions about the faint glow of microwave radiation once hailed as proof that the universe was created by a "Big Bang."
Bullet Cluster Shoots Down Big Bang
http://thunderbolts.info/tpod/2006/arch06/...lletcluster.htm
Bullet Cluster Shoots Down Big Bang
http://thunderbolts.info/tpod/2006/arch06/...lletcluster.htm
Optical and x-ray images of the galaxy cluster named 1E0657-56 have provided direct proof that these clumps of disturbed galaxies are small, faint, and nearby. These and many similar observations directly contradict the foundational assumptions of the Big Bang, which place the objects far away.
Death Star
The Galaxy that Killed the Big Bang
The Top 30 Problems with
the Big Bang
http://redshift.vif.com/JournalFiles/V09NO2PDF/V09N2tvf.PDF
The Top 30 Problems with
the Big Bang
http://redshift.vif.com/JournalFiles/V09NO2PDF/V09N2tvf.PDF
Perhaps never in the history of science has so much quality evidence
accumulated against a model so widely accepted within a field. Even
the most basic elements of the theory, the expansion of the universe
and the fireball remnant radiation, remain interpretations with credible
alternative explanations. One must wonder why, in this circumstance,
four good alternative models are not even being comparatively
discussed by most astronomers.
Interesting reading
The Alternative-Science Respectability Checklist
http://cosmicvariance.com/2007/06/19/the-a...lity-checklist/
QUOTE
Yet, even though science is supposed to be about being open-minded, and there’s so much that we don’t understand about how the universe works, it’s still hard for outsiders to be taken seriously. Instead, you run up against stuffy attitudes like this:
http://cosmicvariance.com/2005/09/16/einst...w/#comment-3530
http://cosmicvariance.com/2005/09/16/einst...w/#comment-3530
The question is how can you tell if someone is a crank pot or a smart cookie.
================================
So! is there an origin or do we have a recycling universe?
Big Bang's Afterglow Fails an Intergalactic Shadow Test
http://www.physorg.com/news76314500.html
QUOTE (->
| QUOTE |
| Yet, even though science is supposed to be about being open-minded, and there’s so much that we don’t understand about how the universe works, it’s still hard for outsiders to be taken seriously. Instead, you run up against stuffy attitudes like this: http://cosmicvariance.com/2005/09/16/einst...w/#comment-3530 |
The question is how can you tell if someone is a crank pot or a smart cookie.
================================
So! is there an origin or do we have a recycling universe?
Big Bang's Afterglow Fails an Intergalactic Shadow Test
http://www.physorg.com/news76314500.html
The apparent absence of shadows where shadows were expected to be is raising new questions about the faint glow of microwave radiation once hailed as proof that the universe was created by a "Big Bang."
QUOTE
"If you see a shadow, however, it means the radiation comes from behind the cluster. If you don't see a shadow, then you have something of a problem. Among the 31 clusters that we studied, some show a shadow effect and others do not."
Other groups have previously reported seeing this type of shadows in the microwave background. Those studies, however, did not use data from WMAP, which was designed and built specifically to study the cosmic microwave background.
Other groups have previously reported seeing this type of shadows in the microwave background. Those studies, however, did not use data from WMAP, which was designed and built specifically to study the cosmic microwave background.
Bullet Cluster Shoots Down Big Bang
http://thunderbolts.info/tpod/2006/arch06/...lletcluster.htm
QUOTE (->
| QUOTE |
| "If you see a shadow, however, it means the radiation comes from behind the cluster. If you don't see a shadow, then you have something of a problem. Among the 31 clusters that we studied, some show a shadow effect and others do not." Other groups have previously reported seeing this type of shadows in the microwave background. Those studies, however, did not use data from WMAP, which was designed and built specifically to study the cosmic microwave background. |
Bullet Cluster Shoots Down Big Bang
http://thunderbolts.info/tpod/2006/arch06/...lletcluster.htm
Optical and x-ray images of the galaxy cluster named 1E0657-56 have provided direct proof that these clumps of disturbed galaxies are small, faint, and nearby. These and many similar observations directly contradict the foundational assumptions of the Big Bang, which place the objects far away.
Death Star
The Galaxy that Killed the Big Bang
QUOTE
The image above, taken by amateur astronomers through a medium-sized backyard telescope, shows a low-redshift galaxy (NGC 4319) connected to a high-redshift quasar (QSO) (Markarian 205). Astronomer Halton Arp first brought attention to the importance of the connection in 1971. The filament of light between the two objects contradicts the foundational assumption of modern cosmology: that redshift is a measure of distance, i.e., the greater the redshift the farther away an object is. Because these two objects are physically connected, they must be at the same distance. Their discrepant redshifts must be due to some other cause not related to distance, to some cause intrinsic to the objects.
The Top 30 Problems with
the Big Bang
http://redshift.vif.com/JournalFiles/V09NO2PDF/V09N2tvf.PDF
QUOTE (->
| QUOTE |
| The image above, taken by amateur astronomers through a medium-sized backyard telescope, shows a low-redshift galaxy (NGC 4319) connected to a high-redshift quasar (QSO) (Markarian 205). Astronomer Halton Arp first brought attention to the importance of the connection in 1971. The filament of light between the two objects contradicts the foundational assumption of modern cosmology: that redshift is a measure of distance, i.e., the greater the redshift the farther away an object is. Because these two objects are physically connected, they must be at the same distance. Their discrepant redshifts must be due to some other cause not related to distance, to some cause intrinsic to the objects. |
The Top 30 Problems with
the Big Bang
http://redshift.vif.com/JournalFiles/V09NO2PDF/V09N2tvf.PDF
Perhaps never in the history of science has so much quality evidence
accumulated against a model so widely accepted within a field. Even
the most basic elements of the theory, the expansion of the universe
and the fireball remnant radiation, remain interpretations with credible
alternative explanations. One must wonder why, in this circumstance,
four good alternative models are not even being comparatively
discussed by most astronomers.
I think galaxies 'bang' (re-cycle), but the Universe is just infinite, so no beginning nor end.
What do you think, Harry?
What do you think, Harry?
Hello Wavy
Everything recycles
Galaxies evolve and the form(Structure) is directly related to the size and activity of the Neucleon (Compacted Core an ultra dense degenerate plasma matter) that some call a black hole.
Reality needs to be applied to discussions.
Just google for evolution of galaxies
or
Star formation
If you need info just ask.
Keep in mind that the standard model is the Big Bang Theory. But! that does not make it a fact or right.
Everything recycles
Galaxies evolve and the form(Structure) is directly related to the size and activity of the Neucleon (Compacted Core an ultra dense degenerate plasma matter) that some call a black hole.
Reality needs to be applied to discussions.
Just google for evolution of galaxies
or
Star formation
If you need info just ask.
Keep in mind that the standard model is the Big Bang Theory. But! that does not make it a fact or right.
Hello All
In the next 9 posts I will post links related to Jets.
A to I
This post is A
In my opinion the Z-pinch dynamics within plasma may explain the driving force and properties within jets from compact stars and the so called ultra dense compact cores that some people call black holes.
Z-pinch Dynamics
http://lsl.postech.ac.kr/z-pinch_dynamics.htm
Plasma links
Cosmology Curiosity: Plasma cosmology
http://woodside.blogs.com/cosmologycuriosi...a_cosmolog.html
Electron acceleration from contracting magnetic islands during re-connection : Article : Nature
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v443/...re05116.html#B5
Study of gas-puff z-pinch plasma
http://www.iop.org/EJ/abstract/0963-0252/14/2/007/
The next post will be B
In the next 9 posts I will post links related to Jets.
A to I
This post is A
In my opinion the Z-pinch dynamics within plasma may explain the driving force and properties within jets from compact stars and the so called ultra dense compact cores that some people call black holes.
Z-pinch Dynamics
http://lsl.postech.ac.kr/z-pinch_dynamics.htm
Plasma links
Cosmology Curiosity: Plasma cosmology
http://woodside.blogs.com/cosmologycuriosi...a_cosmolog.html
Electron acceleration from contracting magnetic islands during re-connection : Article : Nature
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v443/...re05116.html#B5
Study of gas-puff z-pinch plasma
http://www.iop.org/EJ/abstract/0963-0252/14/2/007/
The next post will be B
Hello All
Part B, C and D
Two-Dimensional Z-Pinch Plasma Structure Measured using Photo Diode Arrays and Tomography
http://flux.aps.org/meetings/YR04/DPP04/ba...s/S1505035.html
Z-Pinch Plasma Neutron Sources - Storming Media
http://www.stormingmedia.us/15/1516/A151644.html
The mainstream thought is that a compacted core with an event horizon is not able to eject matter from within in its core and that the jet is created from in falling matter.
My opinion is quite different in that I say that the jet is created within the core as one of the properties of plasma. If this is the case degenerate matter: possibly Neutron and maybe the theoretical quark particles and preon-particles composites are ejected with infalling matter from the compacted core forming gravity sinks that may last for millions of years, These forming seeds for future stars and cluster of stars as in elliptical galaxies and in time form spiral galaxies.
We notice the jets in Neutron stars and all being equal jets are jets.
http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1978Ap%26SS..55..487A
A bit of history
http://www.catastrophism.com/texts/birkeland/
http://thunderbolts.info/tpod/2006/arch06/...10hhtornado.htm
http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap070811.html
http://www.astr.ua.edu/keel/agn/ngc6251.html
http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap011101.html
http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap011101.html
An energetic jet from the core of giant elliptical galaxy M87 stretches outward for 5,000 light-years. This monstrous jet appears in the panels above to be a knotted and irregular structure, dectected across the spectrum, from x-ray to optical to radio wavelengths. In all these bands, the observed emission is likely created as high energy electrons spiral along magnetic field lines, so called synchrotron radiation
Other links on plasma
http://plasma.physics.ucla.edu/bapsf/pages/gallery.html#
http://chandra.harvard.edu/chronicle/0101/cyga2.html
Cygnus A - Part II
Cygnus A, Quasars, and Quandaries
Synchrotron Radiation: Electrons moving in magnetic field radiate photons.
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2006/3c273/
3C273: Black Hole Spills a Kaleidoscope of Color
Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/Yale Univ.
JPEG (48.2 kb) Tiff (234 kb) PS (2.8 MB)
Part B, C and D
Two-Dimensional Z-Pinch Plasma Structure Measured using Photo Diode Arrays and Tomography
http://flux.aps.org/meetings/YR04/DPP04/ba...s/S1505035.html
Z-Pinch Plasma Neutron Sources - Storming Media
http://www.stormingmedia.us/15/1516/A151644.html
The mainstream thought is that a compacted core with an event horizon is not able to eject matter from within in its core and that the jet is created from in falling matter.
My opinion is quite different in that I say that the jet is created within the core as one of the properties of plasma. If this is the case degenerate matter: possibly Neutron and maybe the theoretical quark particles and preon-particles composites are ejected with infalling matter from the compacted core forming gravity sinks that may last for millions of years, These forming seeds for future stars and cluster of stars as in elliptical galaxies and in time form spiral galaxies.
We notice the jets in Neutron stars and all being equal jets are jets.
http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1978Ap%26SS..55..487A
A bit of history
http://www.catastrophism.com/texts/birkeland/
http://thunderbolts.info/tpod/2006/arch06/...10hhtornado.htm
http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap070811.html
http://www.astr.ua.edu/keel/agn/ngc6251.html
QUOTE
One important lesson from radio galaxies is that the central engine continues to eject material in nearly the same direction for at least several million years, based on the fact that the tiny parsec-scale jets in the core regions point in the same direction as the very extended radio structure which may stretch several million light-years (and thus took at least that many years to form). The nearby radio galaxy NGC 6251 is an excellent example. The largest structures are seen in a map made with the Westerbork Synthesis Array Telescope in the Netherlands, which can map somewhat larger objects than the VLA, working in this case at a wavelength of 49 cm. This image spans almost a full degree (56 arcminutes) east-to-west. Closing in toward the nucleus are two maps made with the VLA at 20 centimeters wavelengths, showing the extraordinary straight and narrow jet feeding toward the northwest radio lobe, spanning 308 and 188 arcseconds. Finally, the innermost core is shown in a VLBI map with a resolution of only 3 milliarcseconds (0.003 arcsecond), showing that knots are still moving outward from the nucleus in nearly the same direction. The VLA and VLBI maps have been rotated to make the jet horizontal for convenience. The WSRT map shows the faint counterjet opposite the bright jet; its weakness may indicate that the jet is in relativistic motion more or less toward us, so that Doppler boosting makes it appear dramatically brighter than its counterpart.
http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap011101.html
QUOTE (->
| QUOTE |
| One important lesson from radio galaxies is that the central engine continues to eject material in nearly the same direction for at least several million years, based on the fact that the tiny parsec-scale jets in the core regions point in the same direction as the very extended radio structure which may stretch several million light-years (and thus took at least that many years to form). The nearby radio galaxy NGC 6251 is an excellent example. The largest structures are seen in a map made with the Westerbork Synthesis Array Telescope in the Netherlands, which can map somewhat larger objects than the VLA, working in this case at a wavelength of 49 cm. This image spans almost a full degree (56 arcminutes) east-to-west. Closing in toward the nucleus are two maps made with the VLA at 20 centimeters wavelengths, showing the extraordinary straight and narrow jet feeding toward the northwest radio lobe, spanning 308 and 188 arcseconds. Finally, the innermost core is shown in a VLBI map with a resolution of only 3 milliarcseconds (0.003 arcsecond), showing that knots are still moving outward from the nucleus in nearly the same direction. The VLA and VLBI maps have been rotated to make the jet horizontal for convenience. The WSRT map shows the faint counterjet opposite the bright jet; its weakness may indicate that the jet is in relativistic motion more or less toward us, so that Doppler boosting makes it appear dramatically brighter than its counterpart. |
http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap011101.html
An energetic jet from the core of giant elliptical galaxy M87 stretches outward for 5,000 light-years. This monstrous jet appears in the panels above to be a knotted and irregular structure, dectected across the spectrum, from x-ray to optical to radio wavelengths. In all these bands, the observed emission is likely created as high energy electrons spiral along magnetic field lines, so called synchrotron radiation
Other links on plasma
http://plasma.physics.ucla.edu/bapsf/pages/gallery.html#
http://chandra.harvard.edu/chronicle/0101/cyga2.html
Cygnus A - Part II
Cygnus A, Quasars, and Quandaries
Synchrotron Radiation: Electrons moving in magnetic field radiate photons.
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2006/3c273/
3C273: Black Hole Spills a Kaleidoscope of Color
Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/Yale Univ.
JPEG (48.2 kb) Tiff (234 kb) PS (2.8 MB)
QUOTE
This image from NASA's Hubble, Chandra and Spitzer space telescopes shows a giant jet of particles that has been shot out from the vicinity of a type of supermassive black hole called a quasar. The jet is enormous, stretching across more than 100,000 light-years of space - a size comparable to our own Milky Way galaxy.
Hello All
The rest of the links
E to I
3C438 Animations
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2007/3c43...html#3c438_anim
3C438:
Galaxy Cluster Takes It to the Extreme
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2007/3c438/
More Images of 3C438
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2007/3c43...tml#3c438_radio
Centaurus A:
A Nearby Elliptical Galaxy With An Active Galactic Nucleus.
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2001/0157blue/
Centaurus A Jet:
Energetic Jet Meets Resistance In Nearby Galaxy
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2003/cenajet/
PKS 1127-145:
Chandra Scores A Double Bonus With A Distant Quasar
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2002/1127/
SNR G54.1+0.3:
Energetic Ring Marks Spot That Leads to Discovery of Neutron Star
Credit: NASA/CXC/U.Mass/F.Lu et al.
JPEG (86 k) Tiff (3.4 MB) PS (7 MB)
Zoom into SNR G54.1+0.3 (flash)
Quote:
The Chandra image of the distant supernova remnant SNR G54.1+0.3 reveals a bright ring of high-energy particles with a central point-like source. This observation enabled scientists to use the giant Arecibo Radio Telescope to search for and locate the pulsar, or neutron star that powers the ring. The ring of particles and two jet-like structures appear to be due to the energetic flow of radiation and particles from the rapidly spinning neutron star rotating 7 times per second.
During the supernova event, the core of a massive star collapsed to form a neutron star that is highly magnetized and creates an enormous electric field as it rotates.
What creates the highly magnetized and electric fields is the properties of plasma and creating the Z-pinch drive.
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2003/vela_pulsar/
Vela Pulsar Jet:
Firehose-Like Jet Observed In Action
Credit: NASA/CXC/PSU/G.Pavlov et al.
JPEG (158 kb), Tiff (2.6 MB), PS (4.2 MB)
The Chandra images in this montage show the erratic variability of a jet of high energy particles that is associated with the Vela pulsar, a rotating neutron star. These images are part of a series of 13 images made over a period of two and a half years that has been used to make a time-lapse movie of the motion of the jet.
http://chandra.harvard.edu/press/06_releas...ess_083006.html
Quote:
"This object tells us that there probably is a rich diversity of cosmic explosions in our local Universe that we only now are starting to detect. These explosions aren't playing by the rules that we thought we understood," said Dale Frail of the National Radio Astronomy Observatory.
Illustration of a Magnetar
The February blast seems to fill a gap between ordinary supernova explosions, which leave behind a dense neutron star, and gamma ray bursts, which leave behind a black hole, a concentration of mass so dense that not even light can escape it. Some X-ray flashes, the new research suggests, leave behind a magnetar, a neutron star with a magnetic field 100-1000 times stronger than that of an ordinary neutron star.
Jets Spout Far Closer to Black Hole Than Thought, Scientists Say
http://chandra.harvard.edu/press/04_releas...ess_010504.html
They have found that the jets may be originating five times closer to the black hole than previously thought; they see in better detail how these jets change with time and distance from the black hole; and they could use this information as a new technique to measure black hole mass.
Jets in Supermassive and Stellar-Mass Black Holes
http://www.citebase.org/abstract?id=oai:ar...stro-ph/0302195
Quote:
Relativistic outflows are a common phenomenon in accreting black holes. Despite the enormous differences in scale, stellar-mass black holes in X-ray binaries and collapsars, and super-massive black holes at the dynamic centre of galaxies are sources of jets with analogous physical properties. Synergism between the research on microquasars, gamma-ray bursts, and Active Galactic Nuclei should help to gain insight into the physics of relativistic jets seen everywhere in the Universe.
Plasma
http://www.electric-cosmos.org/electricplasma.htm
Double Layers
Quote:
One of the most important properties of any electrical plasma is its ability to "self-organize" - that is, to electrically isolate one section of itself from another. The isolating wall is called a double layer (DL). When a plasma is studied in the lab, it is usually contained in a closed cylindrical glass tube. Electrodes are inserted into the ends of the tube - one electrode (called the anode) is maintained at a higher voltage than the electrode at the other end (the cathode). If such a voltage difference is applied, then ionization will be initiated and current will start to flow through the plasma. Positive ions (atoms with one or more electrons stripped off) will migrate away from the anode, and negative ions (atoms carrying one or more extra electrons) will move toward the anode. The mathematical sum of these two oppositely directed flows constitutes the total current in the plasma.
JETS IN SUPERMASSIVE AND STELLAR-MASS BLACK
HOLES
http://www.citebase.org/fulltext?format=ap...ro-ph%2F0302195
Image:Magnetic rope.png
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Magnetic_rope.png
Quote:
The self-constricting magnetic field lines and current paths in a Birkeland current (or magnetic rope). The current is strongest at the axis and becomes weaker further away. Currents flow parallel to the magnetic field, and derives partly from an external axial field and partly from the toroidal field produced by the current itself.
Image credit: http://history.nasa.gov/SP-345/ch15.htm#250
The Bakerian Lecture, 1982: Galaxies and Their Nuclei
http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0080-4630...%3E2.0.CO%3B2-V
Read the abstract.
Lockheed Martin Scientists Determine Magnetic Reconnection Locations At Earth's Magnetopause
http://www.spacedaily.com/reports/Lockheed...opause_999.html
Magnetic cocoons power energetic cosmic rays
http://space.newscientist.com/article/dn12818
NASA: Major Step Toward Knowing Origin of Cosmic Rays
http://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/t...rated_rays.html
NASA Scientists Determine the Nature of Black Hole Jets
http://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/t...ft_blazars.html
Quote:
Black hole particle jets are commonly seen in quasars and other celestial objects, shooting off at nearly light speed. According to the Swift team, these jets appear to be made of protons and electrons, solving a mystery as old as the discovery of jets themselves in the 1970s. The jets observed by Swift contain about the mass of Jupiter if it were pulverized and blasted out into intergalactic space.
Black hole particle jets typically escape the confines of their host galaxies and flow for hundreds of thousands of light years. They are a primary means of redistributing matter and energy in the universe. They are a key to understanding galaxy formation and are tied to numerous cosmic mysteries, such as the origin of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays.
"Black hole jets are one of the great paradoxes in astronomy," said Rita Sambruna of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. "How is it that black holes, so efficient at pulling matter in, can also accelerate matter away at near light speed? We still don't know how these jets form, but at least we now have a solid idea about what they're made of."
Fornax A
http://www.nrao.edu/imagegallery/php/level3.php?id=501
Read the abstract
Plasma: The other 99.9%
http://thunderbolts.info/tpod/2005/arch05/051031plasma.htm
Interesting reading.
Radio
Galaxies
http://csep10.phys.utk.edu/astr162/lect/active/radio.html
Relativistic jets and beams in radio galaxies
Quote:
RADIO-ASTRONOMICAL observations have recently clarified the link between the components of extended double sources and the primary power supply in the central galactic nucleus. The new data vindicate the general idea1−4 that power is continuously supplied by beams; it seems, furthermore, that the beams are collimated in a scale little larger than the central power supply (
1 pc), and that the orientation remains fairly steady over the whole lifetime. The giant double source 3C236, 2
107 light yr in total extent5,6, has a compact central component aligned with the overall axis7; a similar phenomenon is observed in Cygnus A (ref. 8). In NGC6251, a straight jet 200 kpc long9 emanates from a 'blowtorch'
0.1 pc wide in the galactic nucleus10. There is a radio jet11 in 3C147 reminiscent of the well-known features in M87 and 3C273; and very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) reveals linear structure in several compact extragalactic sources12. It is argued here that collimation occurs close to a central collapsed object, and that the beams are orientated along its spin axis. Strong-field gravitational effects then stabilise the beams against jitter even if the gas fuelling the source has an inconstant flow pattern. Radio galaxies where the beam axis seems to have gradually drifted or swung, rather than pointing in a constant direction, may belong to a special class that have experienced collisions and recurrent nuclear activity.
Seeing Circuits (2)
http://thunderbolts.info/tpod/2005/arch05/...ng-circuits.htm
Quote:
An electrical current in plasma will generate its own magnetic field and "self constrict" the current channel. This is called the Bennett pinch effect. It produces filaments or threads of current that remain coherent over large distances. Multiple filaments tend to spiral around each other, forming helical "power cables" that can transmit electric power over large distances.
Two "Black Holes?"
http://thunderbolts.info/tpod/2006/arch06/...oblackholes.htm
============================================================================
I could go on, but as you read the common explanation for jets is via in falling matter creating a vortex. I do not agree with this.
The forming of jets on opposite sides is in question.
The amount of energy and matter released compared to in falling matter is in question.
The formation and form of varies structures of galaxies is directly related to the size and activity of the so called Black hole, which in reality is just an ultra dense plasma degenerate matter.
The rest of the links
E to I
3C438 Animations
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2007/3c43...html#3c438_anim
3C438:
Galaxy Cluster Takes It to the Extreme
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2007/3c438/
More Images of 3C438
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2007/3c43...tml#3c438_radio
Centaurus A:
A Nearby Elliptical Galaxy With An Active Galactic Nucleus.
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2001/0157blue/
Centaurus A Jet:
Energetic Jet Meets Resistance In Nearby Galaxy
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2003/cenajet/
PKS 1127-145:
Chandra Scores A Double Bonus With A Distant Quasar
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2002/1127/
SNR G54.1+0.3:
Energetic Ring Marks Spot That Leads to Discovery of Neutron Star
Credit: NASA/CXC/U.Mass/F.Lu et al.
JPEG (86 k) Tiff (3.4 MB) PS (7 MB)
Zoom into SNR G54.1+0.3 (flash)
Quote:
The Chandra image of the distant supernova remnant SNR G54.1+0.3 reveals a bright ring of high-energy particles with a central point-like source. This observation enabled scientists to use the giant Arecibo Radio Telescope to search for and locate the pulsar, or neutron star that powers the ring. The ring of particles and two jet-like structures appear to be due to the energetic flow of radiation and particles from the rapidly spinning neutron star rotating 7 times per second.
During the supernova event, the core of a massive star collapsed to form a neutron star that is highly magnetized and creates an enormous electric field as it rotates.
What creates the highly magnetized and electric fields is the properties of plasma and creating the Z-pinch drive.
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2003/vela_pulsar/
Vela Pulsar Jet:
Firehose-Like Jet Observed In Action
Credit: NASA/CXC/PSU/G.Pavlov et al.
JPEG (158 kb), Tiff (2.6 MB), PS (4.2 MB)
The Chandra images in this montage show the erratic variability of a jet of high energy particles that is associated with the Vela pulsar, a rotating neutron star. These images are part of a series of 13 images made over a period of two and a half years that has been used to make a time-lapse movie of the motion of the jet.
http://chandra.harvard.edu/press/06_releas...ess_083006.html
Quote:
"This object tells us that there probably is a rich diversity of cosmic explosions in our local Universe that we only now are starting to detect. These explosions aren't playing by the rules that we thought we understood," said Dale Frail of the National Radio Astronomy Observatory.
Illustration of a Magnetar
The February blast seems to fill a gap between ordinary supernova explosions, which leave behind a dense neutron star, and gamma ray bursts, which leave behind a black hole, a concentration of mass so dense that not even light can escape it. Some X-ray flashes, the new research suggests, leave behind a magnetar, a neutron star with a magnetic field 100-1000 times stronger than that of an ordinary neutron star.
Jets Spout Far Closer to Black Hole Than Thought, Scientists Say
http://chandra.harvard.edu/press/04_releas...ess_010504.html
They have found that the jets may be originating five times closer to the black hole than previously thought; they see in better detail how these jets change with time and distance from the black hole; and they could use this information as a new technique to measure black hole mass.
Jets in Supermassive and Stellar-Mass Black Holes
http://www.citebase.org/abstract?id=oai:ar...stro-ph/0302195
Quote:
Relativistic outflows are a common phenomenon in accreting black holes. Despite the enormous differences in scale, stellar-mass black holes in X-ray binaries and collapsars, and super-massive black holes at the dynamic centre of galaxies are sources of jets with analogous physical properties. Synergism between the research on microquasars, gamma-ray bursts, and Active Galactic Nuclei should help to gain insight into the physics of relativistic jets seen everywhere in the Universe.
Plasma
http://www.electric-cosmos.org/electricplasma.htm
Double Layers
Quote:
One of the most important properties of any electrical plasma is its ability to "self-organize" - that is, to electrically isolate one section of itself from another. The isolating wall is called a double layer (DL). When a plasma is studied in the lab, it is usually contained in a closed cylindrical glass tube. Electrodes are inserted into the ends of the tube - one electrode (called the anode) is maintained at a higher voltage than the electrode at the other end (the cathode). If such a voltage difference is applied, then ionization will be initiated and current will start to flow through the plasma. Positive ions (atoms with one or more electrons stripped off) will migrate away from the anode, and negative ions (atoms carrying one or more extra electrons) will move toward the anode. The mathematical sum of these two oppositely directed flows constitutes the total current in the plasma.
JETS IN SUPERMASSIVE AND STELLAR-MASS BLACK
HOLES
http://www.citebase.org/fulltext?format=ap...ro-ph%2F0302195
Image:Magnetic rope.png
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Magnetic_rope.png
Quote:
The self-constricting magnetic field lines and current paths in a Birkeland current (or magnetic rope). The current is strongest at the axis and becomes weaker further away. Currents flow parallel to the magnetic field, and derives partly from an external axial field and partly from the toroidal field produced by the current itself.
Image credit: http://history.nasa.gov/SP-345/ch15.htm#250
The Bakerian Lecture, 1982: Galaxies and Their Nuclei
http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0080-4630...%3E2.0.CO%3B2-V
Read the abstract.
Lockheed Martin Scientists Determine Magnetic Reconnection Locations At Earth's Magnetopause
http://www.spacedaily.com/reports/Lockheed...opause_999.html
Magnetic cocoons power energetic cosmic rays
http://space.newscientist.com/article/dn12818
NASA: Major Step Toward Knowing Origin of Cosmic Rays
http://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/t...rated_rays.html
NASA Scientists Determine the Nature of Black Hole Jets
http://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/t...ft_blazars.html
Quote:
Black hole particle jets are commonly seen in quasars and other celestial objects, shooting off at nearly light speed. According to the Swift team, these jets appear to be made of protons and electrons, solving a mystery as old as the discovery of jets themselves in the 1970s. The jets observed by Swift contain about the mass of Jupiter if it were pulverized and blasted out into intergalactic space.
Black hole particle jets typically escape the confines of their host galaxies and flow for hundreds of thousands of light years. They are a primary means of redistributing matter and energy in the universe. They are a key to understanding galaxy formation and are tied to numerous cosmic mysteries, such as the origin of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays.
"Black hole jets are one of the great paradoxes in astronomy," said Rita Sambruna of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. "How is it that black holes, so efficient at pulling matter in, can also accelerate matter away at near light speed? We still don't know how these jets form, but at least we now have a solid idea about what they're made of."
Fornax A
http://www.nrao.edu/imagegallery/php/level3.php?id=501
Read the abstract
Plasma: The other 99.9%
http://thunderbolts.info/tpod/2005/arch05/051031plasma.htm
Interesting reading.
Radio
Galaxies
http://csep10.phys.utk.edu/astr162/lect/active/radio.html
Relativistic jets and beams in radio galaxies
Quote:
RADIO-ASTRONOMICAL observations have recently clarified the link between the components of extended double sources and the primary power supply in the central galactic nucleus. The new data vindicate the general idea1−4 that power is continuously supplied by beams; it seems, furthermore, that the beams are collimated in a scale little larger than the central power supply (
1 pc), and that the orientation remains fairly steady over the whole lifetime. The giant double source 3C236, 2
107 light yr in total extent5,6, has a compact central component aligned with the overall axis7; a similar phenomenon is observed in Cygnus A (ref. 8). In NGC6251, a straight jet 200 kpc long9 emanates from a 'blowtorch'
0.1 pc wide in the galactic nucleus10. There is a radio jet11 in 3C147 reminiscent of the well-known features in M87 and 3C273; and very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) reveals linear structure in several compact extragalactic sources12. It is argued here that collimation occurs close to a central collapsed object, and that the beams are orientated along its spin axis. Strong-field gravitational effects then stabilise the beams against jitter even if the gas fuelling the source has an inconstant flow pattern. Radio galaxies where the beam axis seems to have gradually drifted or swung, rather than pointing in a constant direction, may belong to a special class that have experienced collisions and recurrent nuclear activity.
Seeing Circuits (2)
http://thunderbolts.info/tpod/2005/arch05/...ng-circuits.htm
Quote:
An electrical current in plasma will generate its own magnetic field and "self constrict" the current channel. This is called the Bennett pinch effect. It produces filaments or threads of current that remain coherent over large distances. Multiple filaments tend to spiral around each other, forming helical "power cables" that can transmit electric power over large distances.
Two "Black Holes?"
http://thunderbolts.info/tpod/2006/arch06/...oblackholes.htm
============================================================================
I could go on, but as you read the common explanation for jets is via in falling matter creating a vortex. I do not agree with this.
The forming of jets on opposite sides is in question.
The amount of energy and matter released compared to in falling matter is in question.
The formation and form of varies structures of galaxies is directly related to the size and activity of the so called Black hole, which in reality is just an ultra dense plasma degenerate matter.
"Newton"s apple was not perfectly round."
A black hole has such powerful gravity that it is absorbing any matter that comes too close. Any matter in the near space is crushed to infinite density and is supposed to disappear forever. Even light can not escape the fierce gravitational pull, so they are thought to be remain black and invisible. Schwarzschild calculated how compressed a star would have to be for its gravity to trap light. This is called the Schwarzschild radius which is the radius of the event horizon of a non-rotating black hole.
Extragalactic jets are thought to be from a black hole"s accretion disk, not from a black hole itself. In the other case, narrow jets of particles at relativistic speeds spout out up and down, vertically or one direction.
But the gravitational potential is not formed perfectly spherically.
á|Y00|2+â|Y11|2 will make a gravitational potential figure like a cut end of an apple with two hollows up and down. Then the Schwarzschild radius sphere will have two holes from which Extragalactic or narrow jets come out.
Iori Fujita
http://www.geocities.jp/imyfujita/galaxy/galaxy01.html
A black hole has such powerful gravity that it is absorbing any matter that comes too close. Any matter in the near space is crushed to infinite density and is supposed to disappear forever. Even light can not escape the fierce gravitational pull, so they are thought to be remain black and invisible. Schwarzschild calculated how compressed a star would have to be for its gravity to trap light. This is called the Schwarzschild radius which is the radius of the event horizon of a non-rotating black hole.
Extragalactic jets are thought to be from a black hole"s accretion disk, not from a black hole itself. In the other case, narrow jets of particles at relativistic speeds spout out up and down, vertically or one direction.
But the gravitational potential is not formed perfectly spherically.
á|Y00|2+â|Y11|2 will make a gravitational potential figure like a cut end of an apple with two hollows up and down. Then the Schwarzschild radius sphere will have two holes from which Extragalactic or narrow jets come out.
Iori Fujita
http://www.geocities.jp/imyfujita/galaxy/galaxy01.html
Hello Lori
You said
This comment I have read in many papers. Its easier swimming down main stream, its harder going up stream.
So just because you read it somewhere, it makes it true.
The answer is this.
No person knows.
But ! if you are right than how did the matter come out of the so called singularity.
If Black holes only get fatter than logically speaking the total universe would end up in a hole.
This does not occur because the jets originate from the internal parts of the compact core, it serves as a function to recycle matter. It explains the evolution of the galaxy form from elliptical to spiral to ellitpica and so on.
Rather than taking my word keep on reading until you have searched enough to draw your own conclusions.
You said
QUOTE
Extragalactic jets are thought to be from a black hole"s accretion disk, not from a black hole itself. In the other case, narrow jets of particles at relativistic speeds spout out up and down, vertically or one direction.
This comment I have read in many papers. Its easier swimming down main stream, its harder going up stream.
So just because you read it somewhere, it makes it true.
The answer is this.
No person knows.
But ! if you are right than how did the matter come out of the so called singularity.
If Black holes only get fatter than logically speaking the total universe would end up in a hole.
This does not occur because the jets originate from the internal parts of the compact core, it serves as a function to recycle matter. It explains the evolution of the galaxy form from elliptical to spiral to ellitpica and so on.
Rather than taking my word keep on reading until you have searched enough to draw your own conclusions.
If we say that the universe was caused by something, aren't we excluding that thing from our definition of the universe. Why? If the universe means everything, it either arises from nothing, creates itself, or has always been, no? Of these three choices, the third seems the least unlikely.
Hello All
Hello ehard
In my opinion the universe is all and infinite in space, time and matter.
Nothing cannot be created from nothing.
So! what is the process?
Recyclic universe.
Hello ehard
In my opinion the universe is all and infinite in space, time and matter.
Nothing cannot be created from nothing.
So! what is the process?
Recyclic universe.
It is all rather simple and obvious, really, isn't it? Just makes you wonder why such as 'hardened' scientists insist on 'big bangs' and all sorts of strange things.
Hello Jack
As time moves on models do change.
Alot of money went into developing the Big Bang theory and there is alot more money to be many on some of the projects.
The evidence for non big bang theory is increasing daily and in time science will play a better part not money, politics and churches.
As time moves on models do change.
Alot of money went into developing the Big Bang theory and there is alot more money to be many on some of the projects.
The evidence for non big bang theory is increasing daily and in time science will play a better part not money, politics and churches.
When I'm outside with friends under a clear night sky and get captivated by the universe from my peripheral vision, my mind wanders away from the ongoing conversation to a series of events. A sudden dip in time, two massive forces of extreme gravitational pull began developing a crevice of energy in between and time is suctioned into existence.
In my private time I clap my hands thinking of how I could possibly be creating a new space of energy where microscopic organisms experience a mere few seconds as we would eternity.
In my private time I clap my hands thinking of how I could possibly be creating a new space of energy where microscopic organisms experience a mere few seconds as we would eternity.
Hello Graci
You have an imagination. I disagree.
Who knows you maybe right.
You have an imagination. I disagree.
Who knows you maybe right.
Let's ask the microscopic organisms between my hands.
yep, they say I'm wrong too.
yep, they say I'm wrong too.
Hello Graci
You make me smile.
You make me smile.
QUOTE (Harry Costas+Nov 24 2007, 01:33 PM)
In my opinion the universe is all and infinite in space, time and matter.
Nothing cannot be created from nothing.
So! what is the process?
Recyclic universe.
You come close to the truth. You have to prove Hubble's theory is wrong and you'll become great scientist.
I wish you all the best.
I want to send for you my theory as the attach file but I don't know your E-mail.
The modern theory can help you to understand many secrets of the universe.
http://www.whatsnextnetwork.com/technology..._hole_eats_star
http://www.cosmogeology.ge/chapter-9.htm
Nothing cannot be created from nothing.
So! what is the process?
Recyclic universe.
You come close to the truth. You have to prove Hubble's theory is wrong and you'll become great scientist.
I wish you all the best.
I want to send for you my theory as the attach file but I don't know your E-mail.
The modern theory can help you to understand many secrets of the universe.
http://www.whatsnextnetwork.com/technology..._hole_eats_star
http://www.cosmogeology.ge/chapter-9.htm
Hello K Marg
I do not have to prove the Hubble constant.
Read through the History,,,,,even hubble questioned the constant.
Than read through the red shift conflict. Red shift created by the internal process of star core.
So I ask. Prove to me the hubble constant.
I will come back to you later with a better response.
I have to take the kids to school.
I do not have to prove the Hubble constant.
Read through the History,,,,,even hubble questioned the constant.
Than read through the red shift conflict. Red shift created by the internal process of star core.
So I ask. Prove to me the hubble constant.
I will come back to you later with a better response.
I have to take the kids to school.
The redshift in the spectrum of quasars can only be explained by the Quantum tiredness. Cosmos is not absolutely free. The great amount of atoms and molecules lost by stars and galaxies chaotically are moving in the space. Of course, the amount of atoms and molecules in the space, into 1m3 is significant. The distance to quasars is determined according to milliards of light years. During traveling through such long distance, quantum meets enough barriers of particles in cosmos and the frequency of its waves can be reduced. Farer quasar has greater shift in the spectrum in red side. The theory of quantum tiredness is true.
After times, telescopes and other scientific equipments were developed and improved much. A human being can look farer and farer in cosmos. First of all, he will discover new quasars that are remote from us for milliards of light years. A human being will discover another huge amount of galaxy conglomeration to the quasars. It is impossible to see these quasars by the modern equipment. The quantum of light meets a lot of barriers made by wondering atoms and molecules in its way. Because of this the frequency of the light wave decreases and the length of the wave increases. That is reason of redshift in the quasar spectrum. Of course, spectrum of farer quasar is more changed in red side. The limit exists in the universe. Farer of this limit we can see only redshift in the quasar's spectrum. This limit is significant compared with the universe scale. We can do the experiment on the Earth, and will prove that the theory of the quantum tiredness is true.
why is wrong the theory of Hubbell?...
If would be even only one gigantic explosion, every galaxy would be moving without resistance through the universe after explosion. The universe would grow in volume little by little, galaxies would not be come into collision to the each other and quasars wouldn’t be create. If the theory of Hubbell is right, scientists couldn’t be able to see any quasars and galaxies conglomerates with their powerful telescopes. We would not be found the “Galaxy cannibalisms” in the universe and we could have seen only redshifts into nearest galaxies' spectrums. We would not be discovering M-87 and its similar centers of huge explosions.
The result of only one gigantic explosion would be cause to grow old all of the galaxies little by little. Every star would explode little by little, when they would exhaust their energy resources. Finish of the Hubbell’s theory is night sky without stars. After for milliard years of evolution whole universe would grow old little by little, galaxies would not be destroyed and stop its existence. Only the black holes, black interstellar clouds formed from the collapsed stars, and the night sky without stars would be left (DEAD UNIVERSE!!!). Hubble’s theory can not explain elementary cosmic phenomena; about future joining and destroy of Andromeda and our galaxies. Andromeda doesn’t have redshift in its spectrum, why???
Hubble's theory is theory of dead universe.
My theory is theory of permanently renewable universe.
After times, telescopes and other scientific equipments were developed and improved much. A human being can look farer and farer in cosmos. First of all, he will discover new quasars that are remote from us for milliards of light years. A human being will discover another huge amount of galaxy conglomeration to the quasars. It is impossible to see these quasars by the modern equipment. The quantum of light meets a lot of barriers made by wondering atoms and molecules in its way. Because of this the frequency of the light wave decreases and the length of the wave increases. That is reason of redshift in the quasar spectrum. Of course, spectrum of farer quasar is more changed in red side. The limit exists in the universe. Farer of this limit we can see only redshift in the quasar's spectrum. This limit is significant compared with the universe scale. We can do the experiment on the Earth, and will prove that the theory of the quantum tiredness is true.
why is wrong the theory of Hubbell?...
If would be even only one gigantic explosion, every galaxy would be moving without resistance through the universe after explosion. The universe would grow in volume little by little, galaxies would not be come into collision to the each other and quasars wouldn’t be create. If the theory of Hubbell is right, scientists couldn’t be able to see any quasars and galaxies conglomerates with their powerful telescopes. We would not be found the “Galaxy cannibalisms” in the universe and we could have seen only redshifts into nearest galaxies' spectrums. We would not be discovering M-87 and its similar centers of huge explosions.
The result of only one gigantic explosion would be cause to grow old all of the galaxies little by little. Every star would explode little by little, when they would exhaust their energy resources. Finish of the Hubbell’s theory is night sky without stars. After for milliard years of evolution whole universe would grow old little by little, galaxies would not be destroyed and stop its existence. Only the black holes, black interstellar clouds formed from the collapsed stars, and the night sky without stars would be left (DEAD UNIVERSE!!!). Hubble’s theory can not explain elementary cosmic phenomena; about future joining and destroy of Andromeda and our galaxies. Andromeda doesn’t have redshift in its spectrum, why???
Hubble's theory is theory of dead universe.
My theory is theory of permanently renewable universe.
QUOTE (Harry Costas+Sep 22 2006, 08:41 AM)
Hello All
Is there an origin.
Or
Is that, just man's way of thinking that there is an origin.
We have many theories as to the origin and there are varies theories telling us there is no Origin and that the universe is infinite.
With all the modern scientists and astronomers and cosmologists and the many telsecopes on earth and outer sapce, you would think that a common thought as to the origin of the universe would develope.
Long time ago I was brain washed into the Big Bang and there was no way people could talk me out of it. They presented the Big Bang in such a way that I believed every part, because it was so logical and supported widely and became the standard model.
I'm not here trying to talk you out of the Big Bang, just advising people to look at modern observations and papers that expalin the universe.
In my opinion, the universe is ongoing and recycles, that is the parts within the universe and not the universe itself.
Some parts are expanding and others are contracting, forming clusters of stars, clusters of galaxies, clusters of clusters forming super cluster of galaxies.
What about the so called expansion of the universe. They say it expands in time and space but! not the actual expansion in actual distance.
What are your thoughts?
like klien bottle
and our galaxy is a neck that we are pushed into
and if we look to blueshifted direction it looks black somewhere
as we are squeezed through neck or blackhole our distances are made smaller and time goes slower
so as we look out of neck the universe gets bigger and faster and faster
Is there an origin.
Or
Is that, just man's way of thinking that there is an origin.
We have many theories as to the origin and there are varies theories telling us there is no Origin and that the universe is infinite.
With all the modern scientists and astronomers and cosmologists and the many telsecopes on earth and outer sapce, you would think that a common thought as to the origin of the universe would develope.
Long time ago I was brain washed into the Big Bang and there was no way people could talk me out of it. They presented the Big Bang in such a way that I believed every part, because it was so logical and supported widely and became the standard model.
I'm not here trying to talk you out of the Big Bang, just advising people to look at modern observations and papers that expalin the universe.
In my opinion, the universe is ongoing and recycles, that is the parts within the universe and not the universe itself.
Some parts are expanding and others are contracting, forming clusters of stars, clusters of galaxies, clusters of clusters forming super cluster of galaxies.
What about the so called expansion of the universe. They say it expands in time and space but! not the actual expansion in actual distance.
What are your thoughts?
like klien bottle
and our galaxy is a neck that we are pushed into
and if we look to blueshifted direction it looks black somewhere
as we are squeezed through neck or blackhole our distances are made smaller and time goes slower
so as we look out of neck the universe gets bigger and faster and faster
QUOTE (K. Margiani+Dec 3 2007, 04:35 PM)
The result of only one gigantic explosion would be cause to grow old all of the galaxies little by little. Every star would explode little by little, when they would exhaust their energy resources.
yes
energy can not be destoyed
energy can not be created
everything possible is universe
universe is with set energy
size and energy related
big bang is wrong
yes
energy can not be destoyed
energy can not be created
everything possible is universe
universe is with set energy
size and energy related
big bang is wrong
modern scientists are trying to develop the false. (big bang)
Young generation of scientists are growing by this fals.
Fighting to the god of american scientists is very difficult.
False would not has future. Truth has future.
on2thiests I can send to you my modern cosmogeological theory as the attech file. You can understand meny secrets of the universe.
please send me your E-mail kmargi@mail.ru
Greetings from caucasus!!!
Young generation of scientists are growing by this fals.
Fighting to the god of american scientists is very difficult.
False would not has future. Truth has future.
on2thiests I can send to you my modern cosmogeological theory as the attech file. You can understand meny secrets of the universe.
please send me your E-mail kmargi@mail.ru
Greetings from caucasus!!!
Main source transfer of energy in the universe is quasar.
Main recycling source in the universe is quasar.
truth is easy to explain.
Main recycling source in the universe is quasar.
truth is easy to explain.
QUOTE (kaneda+Oct 22 2007, 11:08 AM)
I'd get more knowledge from the Beano than reading the plasma cosmology pseudo science you post. Do you think just passing on links to us and quoting from quack sites is going to impress anyone here? That is standard creationist tactics, using factual sites to try and disguise quackery.
I'd be slightly worried of you are getting more from your Beano. Plasma Cosmology is fully peer-reviewed, see for example:
Ian Tresman, www.plasma-universe.com
I'd be slightly worried of you are getting more from your Beano. Plasma Cosmology is fully peer-reviewed, see for example:
- IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, Special Issue on Plasma Cosmology, Vol 18 No 1 (Feb 1990),
Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Plasma Cosmology, La Jolla, California, USA, 20-22 February 1989. [Contents]
. - Anthony L. Peratt, "Introduction to Plasma Astrophysics and Cosmology" (1995) Astrophysics and Space Science, v. 227, p. 3-11
Ian Tresman, www.plasma-universe.com
Hello All
The Big Bang is not just USA it is a global theory.
The Top 30 Problems with the Big Bang
http://metaresearch.org/cosmology/BB-top-30.asp
Prediction #1: Big Bang a Big Loser in 2005
http://thunderbolts.info/tpod/2004/arch/04...ion-bigbang.htm
Big Bang's Afterglow Fails an Intergalactic Shadow Test
http://www.physorg.com/news76314500.html
Bullet Cluster Shoots Down Big Bang
http://thunderbolts.info/tpod/2006/arch06/...lletcluster.htm
Cosmology and the Big Bang
http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/dp5/cosmo.htm
The First Crisis in Cosmology Conference
http://www.ptep-online.com/index_files/2005/PP-03-03.PDF
====================================
A quarsar has varies forms
They are star like bodies created by two methods.
One is the infalling matter into a compacted core that some call black hole. This infalling matter collides and gives off EMR. The size of the compact cors and thefore the size of the quasar is determined by the stage of evolution of the galaxy.
The second type of quarsar is created via jets ejecting matter from compact cores.
The main driving force is the compact core that has densities greater than 10^17 Kg/m3. The CC is made from degenerate plasma matter such as Neutron compacted. One of the properties of Plasma is its ability to created Z-pinch that is able to drive matter within jets away from the CC.
The Big Bang is not just USA it is a global theory.
The Top 30 Problems with the Big Bang
http://metaresearch.org/cosmology/BB-top-30.asp
Prediction #1: Big Bang a Big Loser in 2005
http://thunderbolts.info/tpod/2004/arch/04...ion-bigbang.htm
Big Bang's Afterglow Fails an Intergalactic Shadow Test
http://www.physorg.com/news76314500.html
Bullet Cluster Shoots Down Big Bang
http://thunderbolts.info/tpod/2006/arch06/...lletcluster.htm
Cosmology and the Big Bang
http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/dp5/cosmo.htm
The First Crisis in Cosmology Conference
http://www.ptep-online.com/index_files/2005/PP-03-03.PDF
====================================
A quarsar has varies forms
They are star like bodies created by two methods.
One is the infalling matter into a compacted core that some call black hole. This infalling matter collides and gives off EMR. The size of the compact cors and thefore the size of the quasar is determined by the stage of evolution of the galaxy.
The second type of quarsar is created via jets ejecting matter from compact cores.
The main driving force is the compact core that has densities greater than 10^17 Kg/m3. The CC is made from degenerate plasma matter such as Neutron compacted. One of the properties of Plasma is its ability to created Z-pinch that is able to drive matter within jets away from the CC.
Speculatively - we cannot see stars or galaxies older than they can possible be because they may recycle. But we should see enormous variety of ages of galaxies and stars which does not neccesarily mean that they have the same begining of the cycle just because you find them in the same space. They do however originate from the same proccesses.
QUOTE (Majkl+Dec 6 2007, 12:02 PM)
Speculatively - we cannot see stars or galaxies older than they can possible be because they may recycle. But we should see enormous variety of ages of galaxies and stars which does not neccesarily mean that they have the same begining of the cycle just because you find them in the same space. They do however originate from the same proccesses.
Harry Costas true theory has no problems for years.
Usually after publication true theory has problems, but soon during meetings scientists come to the conclusion, agreement and to the finish. Truth can born during discussion.
almost half century scientists could not come to the agreement. It means big bang is not true theory.
I never say my cosmogeological theory is best. Future generation will decide everything. There are many theory about same topic. It means big bang is not true theory and all authors of new theories are trying to understand truth. I am one of them.
I can halp you but it needs team of investigators.
Let's create virtual internet team of investigators.
You are working a lot, most interesting link about clustar jet
http://www.thunderbolts.info/tpod/2006/arc...rnadospace2.htm
I means my claim about renewable universe is truth.
"You’d never know it from official news releases, but the Big Bang is broken and can’t be fixed." http://thunderbolts.info/tpod/2004/arch/04...ion-bigbang.htm
We'll win when official news releases will publish our publications.
P.S. Hubble's constant for my Cosmogeology is interesting to understand distance to the space object only, and nothing else.
Usually after publication true theory has problems, but soon during meetings scientists come to the conclusion, agreement and to the finish. Truth can born during discussion.
almost half century scientists could not come to the agreement. It means big bang is not true theory.
I never say my cosmogeological theory is best. Future generation will decide everything. There are many theory about same topic. It means big bang is not true theory and all authors of new theories are trying to understand truth. I am one of them.
I can halp you but it needs team of investigators.
Let's create virtual internet team of investigators.
You are working a lot, most interesting link about clustar jet
http://www.thunderbolts.info/tpod/2006/arc...rnadospace2.htm
I means my claim about renewable universe is truth.
"You’d never know it from official news releases, but the Big Bang is broken and can’t be fixed." http://thunderbolts.info/tpod/2004/arch/04...ion-bigbang.htm
We'll win when official news releases will publish our publications.
P.S. Hubble's constant for my Cosmogeology is interesting to understand distance to the space object only, and nothing else.
Hello All
Majkl said
I think you hit the nail on the head. Good on you.
The age of any galaxy is determined by the maximum period of cycle of any star. Blachk holes are hard to date because we are unable to study them.
We could estimate the age of some huge black holes and huge cluster of galaxies. Some have estimated to take 10*69 years to form.
===========================================
Hello Margiani
The big bang has not been supported by science, but by politics, churches and schools and lots of money.
Science theories are supported by many ways and the best is by observations and where possible lab tests.
Poeple get attached to theories and think that they are married to them for better or worse.
Discussions through the net has awaken some giants in the field of cosmology and within the next two years we shall see big changes.
Majkl said
QUOTE
Speculatively - we cannot see stars or galaxies older than they can possible be because they may recycle. But we should see enormous variety of ages of galaxies and stars which does not neccesarily mean that they have the same begining of the cycle just because you find them in the same space. They do however originate from the same proccesses.
I think you hit the nail on the head. Good on you.
The age of any galaxy is determined by the maximum period of cycle of any star. Blachk holes are hard to date because we are unable to study them.
We could estimate the age of some huge black holes and huge cluster of galaxies. Some have estimated to take 10*69 years to form.
===========================================
Hello Margiani
The big bang has not been supported by science, but by politics, churches and schools and lots of money.
Science theories are supported by many ways and the best is by observations and where possible lab tests.
Poeple get attached to theories and think that they are married to them for better or worse.
Discussions through the net has awaken some giants in the field of cosmology and within the next two years we shall see big changes.
Head of financial draco is american government. There are very many pocket-scientists all over the Earth. These Scientists depend on funding, and they become frightened of anything controversial. Usually they can not believe what they are writing. this is huge financial empire. They are head of all official news releases.
We have to create special internet site. We have to connect all links in the site, if there is critical articles about the theory. But it needs financial source and web-team.
We have to create special internet site. We have to connect all links in the site, if there is critical articles about the theory. But it needs financial source and web-team.
Hello Margiani
You are right.
Like I said before do not worry if they are right or wrong. Focus on your learning.
If you can read this book
The Virtue of Heresy: Confessions of a Dissident Astronomer
http://www.authorhouse.com/BookStore/ItemD...okid~45128.aspx
also
About the Alternative Cosmology Group
http://www.cosmology.info/
http://www.marxist.com/crisis-in-cosmology-reply061205.htm
http://www.marxist.com/crisis-in-cosmology241105.htm
http://online.kitp.ucsb.edu/online/cmb_c02.../pdf/Nelson.pdf
http://www.ptep-online.com/index_files/2005/PP-03-03.PDF
http://open-site.org/Science/Physics/Cosmo...blems_Big_Bang/
You are right.
Like I said before do not worry if they are right or wrong. Focus on your learning.
If you can read this book
The Virtue of Heresy: Confessions of a Dissident Astronomer
http://www.authorhouse.com/BookStore/ItemD...okid~45128.aspx
also
About the Alternative Cosmology Group
http://www.cosmology.info/
http://www.marxist.com/crisis-in-cosmology-reply061205.htm
http://www.marxist.com/crisis-in-cosmology241105.htm
http://online.kitp.ucsb.edu/online/cmb_c02.../pdf/Nelson.pdf
http://www.ptep-online.com/index_files/2005/PP-03-03.PDF
http://open-site.org/Science/Physics/Cosmo...blems_Big_Bang/
Hallo, Costas
Thank you for attention. I will read.
I have sent for you answer about one of the excellent research (the attach file)
Isotopes Tell Sun’s Origin and Operation
There is very interesting cosmogeological explanations.
Thank you for attention. I will read.
I have sent for you answer about one of the excellent research (the attach file)
Isotopes Tell Sun’s Origin and Operation
There is very interesting cosmogeological explanations.
Hello Margiani
Good on you.
I must say the more I read the more I find that I know very little.
Good on you.
I must say the more I read the more I find that I know very little.
Hello All
Interesting link on jets and starformation
http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/chandra/news/07-139.html
Quote:
Jets produced by super massive black holes transport enormous amounts of energy far from black holes and enable them to affect matter on scales vastly larger than the size of the black hole. Learning more about jets is a key goal for astrophysical research.
Quote:
Another unique aspect of the discovery in 3C321 is how relatively short-lived this event is on a cosmic time scale. Features seen in the Very Large Array and Chandra images indicate that the jet began impacting the galaxy about one million years ago, a small fraction of the system's lifetime. This means such an alignment is quite rare in the nearby universe, making 3C321 an important opportunity to study such a phenomenon.
It is possible the event is not all bad news for the galaxy being struck by the jet. The massive influx of energy and radiation from the jet could induce the formation of large numbers of stars and planets after its initial wake of destruction is complete.
Very interesting.
Main stream cosmology assumes that the jet is created by infalling matter.
In my opinion and not that of main stream is mostly matter from the core of the black hole and the jet powered by the plasma properties of the core. What else would produce such a drive and give the jet an electromagnetic properties protecting it from the black hole huge gravity.
Since most do not know one from the other, than one option is as good as the other.
Could this be part of a recycling process, that explains the ORIGIN OF THE UNIVERSE.
Interesting link on jets and starformation
http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/chandra/news/07-139.html
Quote:
Jets produced by super massive black holes transport enormous amounts of energy far from black holes and enable them to affect matter on scales vastly larger than the size of the black hole. Learning more about jets is a key goal for astrophysical research.
Quote:
Another unique aspect of the discovery in 3C321 is how relatively short-lived this event is on a cosmic time scale. Features seen in the Very Large Array and Chandra images indicate that the jet began impacting the galaxy about one million years ago, a small fraction of the system's lifetime. This means such an alignment is quite rare in the nearby universe, making 3C321 an important opportunity to study such a phenomenon.
It is possible the event is not all bad news for the galaxy being struck by the jet. The massive influx of energy and radiation from the jet could induce the formation of large numbers of stars and planets after its initial wake of destruction is complete.
Very interesting.
Main stream cosmology assumes that the jet is created by infalling matter.
In my opinion and not that of main stream is mostly matter from the core of the black hole and the jet powered by the plasma properties of the core. What else would produce such a drive and give the jet an electromagnetic properties protecting it from the black hole huge gravity.
Since most do not know one from the other, than one option is as good as the other.
Could this be part of a recycling process, that explains the ORIGIN OF THE UNIVERSE.
Hi Harry,
Surely, recycling calls into question any 'origin' at all?
Perhaps this is just the way that Space 'operates'?
Surely, recycling calls into question any 'origin' at all?
Perhaps this is just the way that Space 'operates'?
Hello, Costas.
"A black hole jet at the center of a galaxy strikes the edge of another galaxy. "
There are Joining and gravitation demolition two spiral galaxies. stars are hiting end exploding. Black holes are gravitating and exploding stars and planets. Because we can see many different jets. There is began huge recycling with joining. the space event will give birth quasar. Quasar will continue recycling with formation huge jets (proto-galaxies mass).
Quasar is main source of transfer energy in the universe.
Quasar is main recycling source in the universe. Black hole is starting recycling only.
"A black hole jet at the center of a galaxy strikes the edge of another galaxy. "
There are Joining and gravitation demolition two spiral galaxies. stars are hiting end exploding. Black holes are gravitating and exploding stars and planets. Because we can see many different jets. There is began huge recycling with joining. the space event will give birth quasar. Quasar will continue recycling with formation huge jets (proto-galaxies mass).
Quasar is main source of transfer energy in the universe.
Quasar is main recycling source in the universe. Black hole is starting recycling only.
Hello All
A quarsar is not the power source, its the result via collision of matter or by the ejection of matter by jets.
Hello mandible
Your right the origin is in question when we speak of recycling. Origin takes another definition as part of the process of recycling.
If you are interested in jets, here are some links, I had these in the computer, have fun.
http://thunderbolts.info/tpod/2006/arch06/...10hhtornado.htm
http://www.astr.ua.edu/keel/agn/ngc6251.html
The blowtorch jet in the radio galaxy NGC 6251
M87's Energetic Jet
http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap011101.html
3C273: Black Hole Spills a Kaleidoscope of Color
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2006/3c273/
3C438:
Galaxy Cluster Takes It to the Extreme
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2007/3c438/
This link has a very intereting jet
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2007/3c43...tml#3c438_radio
Centaurus A:
A Nearby Elliptical Galaxy With An Active Galactic Nucleus.
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2001/0157blue/
M87's Energetic Jet
http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap011101.html
3C273: Black Hole Spills a Kaleidoscope of Color
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2006/3c273/
3C438:
Galaxy Cluster Takes It to the Extreme
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2007/3c438/
This link has a very intereting jet
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2007/3c43...tml#3c438_radio
Centaurus A:
A Nearby Elliptical Galaxy With An Active Galactic Nucleus.
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2001/0157blue/
The observation of the jet has provided scientists some surprises as well. The X-ray structure of the jet has been shown to be significantly different than the radio structure, and the X-ray jet is much more uneven than originally believed. These results have cast doubts on simple models of how the energetic particles ejected from the active nucleus travel along the jet.
Centaurus A Jet:
Energetic Jet Meets Resistance In Nearby Galaxy
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2003/cenajet/
PKS 1127-145:
Chandra Scores A Double Bonus With A Distant Quasar
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2002/1127/
SNR G54.1+0.3:
Energetic Ring Marks Spot That Leads to Discovery of Neutron Star
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2002/g541/
SNR G54.1+0.3:
Energetic Ring Marks Spot That Leads to Discovery of Neutron Star
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2002/g541/
The Chandra image of the distant supernova remnant SNR G54.1+0.3 reveals a bright ring of high-energy particles with a central point-like source. This observation enabled scientists to use the giant Arecibo Radio Telescope to search for and locate the pulsar, or neutron star that powers the ring. The ring of particles and two jet-like structures appear to be due to the energetic flow of radiation and particles from the rapidly spinning neutron star rotating 7 times per second.
Vela Pulsar Jet:
Firehose-Like Jet Observed In Action
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2003/vela_pulsar/
Jets Spout Far Closer to Black Hole Than Thought, Scientists Say
http://chandra.harvard.edu/press/04_releas...ess_010504.html
Jets in Supermassive and Stellar-Mass Black Holes
http://www.citebase.org/abstract?id=oai:ar...stro-ph/0302195
Jets in Supermassive and Stellar-Mass Black Holes
http://www.citebase.org/abstract?id=oai:ar...stro-ph/0302195
Relativistic outflows are a common phenomenon in accreting black holes. Despite the enormous differences in scale, stellar-mass black holes in X-ray binaries and collapsars, and super-massive black holes at the dynamic centre of galaxies are sources of jets with analogous physical properties. Synergism between the research on microquasars, gamma-ray bursts, and Active Galactic Nuclei should help to gain insight into the physics of relativistic jets seen everywhere in the Universe.
Plasma
The Fundamental State of Matter
http://www.electric-cosmos.org/electricplasma.htm
Double Layers
One of the most important properties of any electrical plasma is its ability to "self-organize" - that is, to electrically isolate one section of itself from another. The isolating wall is called a double layer (DL). When a plasma is studied in the lab, it is usually contained in a closed cylindrical glass tube. Electrodes are inserted into the ends of the tube - one electrode (called the anode) is maintained at a higher voltage than the electrode at the other end (the cathode). If such a voltage difference is applied, then ionization will be initiated and current will start to flow through the plasma. Positive ions (atoms with one or more electrons stripped off) will migrate away from the anode, and negative ions (atoms carrying one or more extra electrons) will move toward the anode. The mathematical sum of these two oppositely directed flows constitutes the total current in the plasma.
X-RAY JET DYNAMICS IN A POLAR CORONAL HOLE REGION
http://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/0711/0711.4320.pdf
Movie clip
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2007/3c43...438_anim_lg.mpg
JETS IN SUPERMASSIVE AND STELLAR-MASS BLACK
HOLES
http://www.citebase.org/fulltext?format=ap...ro-ph%2F0302195
Image:Magnetic rope.png
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Magnetic_rope.png
The Bakerian Lecture, 1982: Galaxies and Their Nuclei
http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0080-4630...%3E2.0.CO%3B2-V
Magnetic cocoons power energetic cosmic rays
http://space.newscientist.com/article/dn12818
NASA: Major Step Toward Knowing Origin of Cosmic Rays
http://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/t...rated_rays.html
NASA: Major Step Toward Knowing Origin of Cosmic Rays
http://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/t...rated_rays.html
With Chandra’s high spatial resolution, the team monitored X-ray hot spots that brightened and faded in less than a year. In particular, a bright hot spot seen in July 2005 was invisible in both July 2000 and May 2006. Such rapid X-ray variability shows that particles are rapidly being produced and lost in a small region of space. Because these same hot spots barely moved from 2000 to 2006, Uchiyama and his colleagues could set an upper limit to the speed of the shock front: 10 million miles per hour. This result helped the team deduce the strength of the magnetic field.
Only one known process can explain the Chandra observations. Electrons must be spiraling along magnetic-field lines and radiating away their energy as so-called synchrotron radiation. For such a rapid increase and decrease in X-ray intensity, electrons must be accelerating and emitting synchrotron radiation in the presence of a magnetic field hundreds of times stronger than typical fields in interstellar space.
"Magnetic field strength lies at the heart of cosmic-ray acceleration theory," says Uchiyama. "Previous estimates of magnetic fields in supernova remnants were based on indirect arguments. In our study, we determine the magnetic field in a direct manner."
NASA Scientists Determine the Nature of Black Hole Jets
http://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/t...ft_blazars.html
Fornax A
http://www.nrao.edu/imagegallery/php/level3.php?id=501
Blowtorch Jet in NGC6251
http://www.nrao.edu/imagegallery/php/level3.php?id=513
Relativistic jets and beams in radio galaxies
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v275/...s/275516a0.html
Fornax A
http://www.nrao.edu/imagegallery/php/level3.php?id=501
Blowtorch Jet in NGC6251
http://www.nrao.edu/imagegallery/php/level3.php?id=513
Relativistic jets and beams in radio galaxies
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v275/...s/275516a0.html
RADIO-ASTRONOMICAL observations have recently clarified the link between the components of extended double sources and the primary power supply in the central galactic nucleus. The new data vindicate the general idea1−4 that power is continuously supplied by beams; it seems, furthermore, that the beams are collimated in a scale little larger than the central power supply ( 1 pc), and that the orientation remains fairly steady over the whole lifetime. The giant double source 3C236, 2 107 light yr in total extent5,6, has a compact central component aligned with the overall axis7; a similar phenomenon is observed in Cygnus A (ref. 8). In NGC6251, a straight jet 200 kpc long9 emanates from a 'blowtorch' 0.1 pc wide in the galactic nucleus10. There is a radio jet11 in 3C147 reminiscent of the well-known features in M87 and 3C273; and very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) reveals linear structure in several compact extragalactic sources12. It is argued here that collimation occurs close to a central collapsed object, and that the beams are orientated along its spin axis. Strong-field gravitational effects then stabilise the beams against jitter even if the gas fuelling the source has an inconstant flow pattern. Radio galaxies where the beam axis seems to have gradually drifted or swung, rather than pointing in a constant direction, may belong to a special class that have experienced collisions and recurrent nuclear activity.
A quarsar is not the power source, its the result via collision of matter or by the ejection of matter by jets.
Hello mandible
Your right the origin is in question when we speak of recycling. Origin takes another definition as part of the process of recycling.
If you are interested in jets, here are some links, I had these in the computer, have fun.
http://thunderbolts.info/tpod/2006/arch06/...10hhtornado.htm
http://www.astr.ua.edu/keel/agn/ngc6251.html
The blowtorch jet in the radio galaxy NGC 6251
QUOTE
One important lesson from radio galaxies is that the central engine continues to eject material in nearly the same direction for at least several million years, based on the fact that the tiny parsec-scale jets in the core regions point in the same direction as the very extended radio structure which may stretch several million light-years (and thus took at least that many years to form).
M87's Energetic Jet
http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap011101.html
3C273: Black Hole Spills a Kaleidoscope of Color
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2006/3c273/
3C438:
Galaxy Cluster Takes It to the Extreme
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2007/3c438/
This link has a very intereting jet
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2007/3c43...tml#3c438_radio
Centaurus A:
A Nearby Elliptical Galaxy With An Active Galactic Nucleus.
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2001/0157blue/
QUOTE (->
| QUOTE |
| One important lesson from radio galaxies is that the central engine continues to eject material in nearly the same direction for at least several million years, based on the fact that the tiny parsec-scale jets in the core regions point in the same direction as the very extended radio structure which may stretch several million light-years (and thus took at least that many years to form). |
M87's Energetic Jet
http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap011101.html
3C273: Black Hole Spills a Kaleidoscope of Color
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2006/3c273/
3C438:
Galaxy Cluster Takes It to the Extreme
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2007/3c438/
This link has a very intereting jet
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2007/3c43...tml#3c438_radio
Centaurus A:
A Nearby Elliptical Galaxy With An Active Galactic Nucleus.
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2001/0157blue/
The observation of the jet has provided scientists some surprises as well. The X-ray structure of the jet has been shown to be significantly different than the radio structure, and the X-ray jet is much more uneven than originally believed. These results have cast doubts on simple models of how the energetic particles ejected from the active nucleus travel along the jet.
Centaurus A Jet:
Energetic Jet Meets Resistance In Nearby Galaxy
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2003/cenajet/
PKS 1127-145:
Chandra Scores A Double Bonus With A Distant Quasar
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2002/1127/
QUOTE
The X-ray image of the quasar PKS 1127-145, a highly luminous source of X-rays and visible light about 10 billion light years from Earth, shows an enormous X-ray jet that extends at least a million light years from the quasar. The jet is likely due to the collision of a beam of high-energy electrons with microwave photons.
SNR G54.1+0.3:
Energetic Ring Marks Spot That Leads to Discovery of Neutron Star
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2002/g541/
QUOTE (->
| QUOTE |
| The X-ray image of the quasar PKS 1127-145, a highly luminous source of X-rays and visible light about 10 billion light years from Earth, shows an enormous X-ray jet that extends at least a million light years from the quasar. The jet is likely due to the collision of a beam of high-energy electrons with microwave photons. |
SNR G54.1+0.3:
Energetic Ring Marks Spot That Leads to Discovery of Neutron Star
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2002/g541/
The Chandra image of the distant supernova remnant SNR G54.1+0.3 reveals a bright ring of high-energy particles with a central point-like source. This observation enabled scientists to use the giant Arecibo Radio Telescope to search for and locate the pulsar, or neutron star that powers the ring. The ring of particles and two jet-like structures appear to be due to the energetic flow of radiation and particles from the rapidly spinning neutron star rotating 7 times per second.
Vela Pulsar Jet:
Firehose-Like Jet Observed In Action
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2003/vela_pulsar/
Jets Spout Far Closer to Black Hole Than Thought, Scientists Say
http://chandra.harvard.edu/press/04_releas...ess_010504.html
QUOTE
They have found that the jets may be originating five times closer to the black hole than previously thought; they see in better detail how these jets change with time and distance from the black hole; and they could use this information as a new technique to measure black hole mass.
Jets in Supermassive and Stellar-Mass Black Holes
http://www.citebase.org/abstract?id=oai:ar...stro-ph/0302195
QUOTE (->
| QUOTE |
| They have found that the jets may be originating five times closer to the black hole than previously thought; they see in better detail how these jets change with time and distance from the black hole; and they could use this information as a new technique to measure black hole mass. |
Jets in Supermassive and Stellar-Mass Black Holes
http://www.citebase.org/abstract?id=oai:ar...stro-ph/0302195
Relativistic outflows are a common phenomenon in accreting black holes. Despite the enormous differences in scale, stellar-mass black holes in X-ray binaries and collapsars, and super-massive black holes at the dynamic centre of galaxies are sources of jets with analogous physical properties. Synergism between the research on microquasars, gamma-ray bursts, and Active Galactic Nuclei should help to gain insight into the physics of relativistic jets seen everywhere in the Universe.
Plasma
The Fundamental State of Matter
http://www.electric-cosmos.org/electricplasma.htm
QUOTE
The Z-Pinch
Electric current, passing through a plasma, will take on the corkscrew (spiral) shape discovered by Birkeland. These Birkeland currents most often occur in pairs. There is a tendency for these pairs to compress between them any material (ionized or not) in the plasma. This is called the "z-pinch" effect. The ability of Birkeland currents to accrete and compress even non-ionized material is called "Marklund convection".
Electric current, passing through a plasma, will take on the corkscrew (spiral) shape discovered by Birkeland. These Birkeland currents most often occur in pairs. There is a tendency for these pairs to compress between them any material (ionized or not) in the plasma. This is called the "z-pinch" effect. The ability of Birkeland currents to accrete and compress even non-ionized material is called "Marklund convection".
QUOTE (->
| QUOTE |
| The Z-Pinch Electric current, passing through a plasma, will take on the corkscrew (spiral) shape discovered by Birkeland. These Birkeland currents most often occur in pairs. There is a tendency for these pairs to compress between them any material (ionized or not) in the plasma. This is called the "z-pinch" effect. The ability of Birkeland currents to accrete and compress even non-ionized material is called "Marklund convection". |
Double Layers
One of the most important properties of any electrical plasma is its ability to "self-organize" - that is, to electrically isolate one section of itself from another. The isolating wall is called a double layer (DL). When a plasma is studied in the lab, it is usually contained in a closed cylindrical glass tube. Electrodes are inserted into the ends of the tube - one electrode (called the anode) is maintained at a higher voltage than the electrode at the other end (the cathode). If such a voltage difference is applied, then ionization will be initiated and current will start to flow through the plasma. Positive ions (atoms with one or more electrons stripped off) will migrate away from the anode, and negative ions (atoms carrying one or more extra electrons) will move toward the anode. The mathematical sum of these two oppositely directed flows constitutes the total current in the plasma.
X-RAY JET DYNAMICS IN A POLAR CORONAL HOLE REGION
http://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/0711/0711.4320.pdf
Movie clip
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2007/3c43...438_anim_lg.mpg
JETS IN SUPERMASSIVE AND STELLAR-MASS BLACK
HOLES
http://www.citebase.org/fulltext?format=ap...ro-ph%2F0302195
Image:Magnetic rope.png
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Magnetic_rope.png
The Bakerian Lecture, 1982: Galaxies and Their Nuclei
http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0080-4630...%3E2.0.CO%3B2-V
Magnetic cocoons power energetic cosmic rays
http://space.newscientist.com/article/dn12818
QUOTE
Vast magnetic cocoons associated with galaxies whose black holes have stopped eating may be responsible for accelerating charged particles called cosmic rays to within a whisker of the speed of light.
NASA: Major Step Toward Knowing Origin of Cosmic Rays
http://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/t...rated_rays.html
QUOTE (->
| QUOTE |
| Vast magnetic cocoons associated with galaxies whose black holes have stopped eating may be responsible for accelerating charged particles called cosmic rays to within a whisker of the speed of light. |
NASA: Major Step Toward Knowing Origin of Cosmic Rays
http://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/t...rated_rays.html
With Chandra’s high spatial resolution, the team monitored X-ray hot spots that brightened and faded in less than a year. In particular, a bright hot spot seen in July 2005 was invisible in both July 2000 and May 2006. Such rapid X-ray variability shows that particles are rapidly being produced and lost in a small region of space. Because these same hot spots barely moved from 2000 to 2006, Uchiyama and his colleagues could set an upper limit to the speed of the shock front: 10 million miles per hour. This result helped the team deduce the strength of the magnetic field.
Only one known process can explain the Chandra observations. Electrons must be spiraling along magnetic-field lines and radiating away their energy as so-called synchrotron radiation. For such a rapid increase and decrease in X-ray intensity, electrons must be accelerating and emitting synchrotron radiation in the presence of a magnetic field hundreds of times stronger than typical fields in interstellar space.
"Magnetic field strength lies at the heart of cosmic-ray acceleration theory," says Uchiyama. "Previous estimates of magnetic fields in supernova remnants were based on indirect arguments. In our study, we determine the magnetic field in a direct manner."
NASA Scientists Determine the Nature of Black Hole Jets
http://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/t...ft_blazars.html
QUOTE
Black hole particle jets are commonly seen in quasars and other celestial objects, shooting off at nearly light speed. According to the Swift team, these jets appear to be made of protons and electrons, solving a mystery as old as the discovery of jets themselves in the 1970s. The jets observed by Swift contain about the mass of Jupiter if it were pulverized and blasted out into intergalactic space.
Black hole particle jets typically escape the confines of their host galaxies and flow for hundreds of thousands of light years. They are a primary means of redistributing matter and energy in the universe. They are a key to understanding galaxy formation and are tied to numerous cosmic mysteries, such as the origin of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays.
"Black hole jets are one of the great paradoxes in astronomy," said Rita Sambruna of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. "How is it that black holes, so efficient at pulling matter in, can also accelerate matter away at near light speed? We still don't know how these jets form, but at least we now have a solid idea about what they're made of."
Black hole particle jets typically escape the confines of their host galaxies and flow for hundreds of thousands of light years. They are a primary means of redistributing matter and energy in the universe. They are a key to understanding galaxy formation and are tied to numerous cosmic mysteries, such as the origin of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays.
"Black hole jets are one of the great paradoxes in astronomy," said Rita Sambruna of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. "How is it that black holes, so efficient at pulling matter in, can also accelerate matter away at near light speed? We still don't know how these jets form, but at least we now have a solid idea about what they're made of."
Fornax A
http://www.nrao.edu/imagegallery/php/level3.php?id=501
Blowtorch Jet in NGC6251
http://www.nrao.edu/imagegallery/php/level3.php?id=513
Relativistic jets and beams in radio galaxies
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v275/...s/275516a0.html
QUOTE (->
| QUOTE |
| Black hole particle jets are commonly seen in quasars and other celestial objects, shooting off at nearly light speed. According to the Swift team, these jets appear to be made of protons and electrons, solving a mystery as old as the discovery of jets themselves in the 1970s. The jets observed by Swift contain about the mass of Jupiter if it were pulverized and blasted out into intergalactic space. Black hole particle jets typically escape the confines of their host galaxies and flow for hundreds of thousands of light years. They are a primary means of redistributing matter and energy in the universe. They are a key to understanding galaxy formation and are tied to numerous cosmic mysteries, such as the origin of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays. "Black hole jets are one of the great paradoxes in astronomy," said Rita Sambruna of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. "How is it that black holes, so efficient at pulling matter in, can also accelerate matter away at near light speed? We still don't know how these jets form, but at least we now have a solid idea about what they're made of." |
Fornax A
http://www.nrao.edu/imagegallery/php/level3.php?id=501
Blowtorch Jet in NGC6251
http://www.nrao.edu/imagegallery/php/level3.php?id=513
Relativistic jets and beams in radio galaxies
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v275/...s/275516a0.html
RADIO-ASTRONOMICAL observations have recently clarified the link between the components of extended double sources and the primary power supply in the central galactic nucleus. The new data vindicate the general idea1−4 that power is continuously supplied by beams; it seems, furthermore, that the beams are collimated in a scale little larger than the central power supply ( 1 pc), and that the orientation remains fairly steady over the whole lifetime. The giant double source 3C236, 2 107 light yr in total extent5,6, has a compact central component aligned with the overall axis7; a similar phenomenon is observed in Cygnus A (ref. 8). In NGC6251, a straight jet 200 kpc long9 emanates from a 'blowtorch' 0.1 pc wide in the galactic nucleus10. There is a radio jet11 in 3C147 reminiscent of the well-known features in M87 and 3C273; and very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) reveals linear structure in several compact extragalactic sources12. It is argued here that collimation occurs close to a central collapsed object, and that the beams are orientated along its spin axis. Strong-field gravitational effects then stabilise the beams against jitter even if the gas fuelling the source has an inconstant flow pattern. Radio galaxies where the beam axis seems to have gradually drifted or swung, rather than pointing in a constant direction, may belong to a special class that have experienced collisions and recurrent nuclear activity.
hello, Costas
1. http://thunderbolts.info/tpod/2006/arch06/...10hhtornado.htm
The “Tornado Jet” in our galaxy is remnant of died star or died interstellar planet hit to the star million and million years ago. Second reason is truer. When star captured Interstellar planetary mass object into convection streams are beginning huge nuclear reactions. Truly that is the reason of huge jet in the only one side of the star.
2. http://www.spitzer.caltech.edu/Media/relea...9/release.shtml
The "jet" in our galaxy is remnant of collapsed star or died interstellar planet.
Embryonic Stars are to the galaxy active nucleus.
When remnant of died star or interstellar planetary mass object reach another star's planetary system, star is beginning capture the huge space clouds. There are almost all chemical elements (Light, heavy, super-heavy). This is reason of star activation. It is alike new Embryonic Stars. Dec. 1. 2007 is nearest date of activation L1157.
3. http://www.astr.ua.edu/keel/agn/ngc6251.html
The blowtorch jet in the radio galaxy NGC 6251. there is not written what is in the centre black hole or quasar. Quasar is million and million times bigger than black hole.
Why a quasar is not the power source?
Yes it is the result via collision of matter.
No it is not the result by the ejection of matter by jets. Quasar is source of ejection of matter as the jets. Quasar creates huge jets of proto-galaxy mass.
4.http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap011101.html
M87's Energetic Jet is well known. There are ejections of proto galaxies mass from quasar. In the link is written about super-massive black hole. In the NASA’s links written about quasar and its shocked Forbidden lines. Forbidden lines has quasar only
(from link of NASA) A spectrum of M87 obtained in the 1150-2000 A spectral range by the IUE is discussed. The visual and UV energy distribution of the nucleus of M87 reveals an essentially continuous curve from 1300 to 10,500 A, and a turnup in flux below 2200 A. It is shown that this turnup is not a consequence of scattered light in the instrument, while a plot of the deconvolved M87 UV profile and the visual profile shows that the radiation in the 1300-2200 A spectral regions is distributed in the same way as the visual radiation it is not a point source. In addition, there is evidence in the UV for the emission line of C IV the relative strengths of C IV, H beta, and the forbidden O III lines at 4959 and 5007 A are consistent with those seen in planetary nebulae, but the forbidden O II line at 3727 A is much too strong.
(cosmogeological explanation) Forbidden O II line at 3727 A is evidence of huge planetary meal by quasar. Big consistence of oxygen is only into planets. Planets are exploding to the quasar. Permanently explosion stars and its planets are creating surrounded fiery clouds. Without permanently explosions quasar could rapidly absorb surrounded fiery clouds and we have never seen forbidden lines in its spectrum. Permanently explosion stars and its planets are evidence of huge radiation and rapid variation of brightens displayed by many quasars.
Each physicist can understand this discovery. Quasar is surrounded by red-hot clouds. There are almost all main chemical elements of planetary bodies and stars. Evidence is spectrum of quasar. Shocked forbidden lines are evidence. Chemical elements into clouds are absorbing huge radiation from ultra dense nucleus of the quasar. Demolition stellar and planetary chemical elements to the level of protons and neutrons are reason a lot of nuclear reactions and huge radiations. Huge radiations of exploded stellar and planetary chemical elements from ultra dense nucleus of quasar are absorbing by same chemical elements of huge red-hot clouds surrounded the quasar.
Quasar’s ultra dense nucleus is surrounded by huge clouds (star-like body).
At the initial stage there are not clouds and shocked Forbidden lines of course, it looks as a black hole. Reason is simply huge collision of matter (mass of permanently multi-stage destroyed, gravitational demolition spiral galaxies).
Complication in the scientific links is easily understandable.
Why a quasar is not the power source?
I’m so busy. I’ll continue.
1. http://thunderbolts.info/tpod/2006/arch06/...10hhtornado.htm
The “Tornado Jet” in our galaxy is remnant of died star or died interstellar planet hit to the star million and million years ago. Second reason is truer. When star captured Interstellar planetary mass object into convection streams are beginning huge nuclear reactions. Truly that is the reason of huge jet in the only one side of the star.
2. http://www.spitzer.caltech.edu/Media/relea...9/release.shtml
The "jet" in our galaxy is remnant of collapsed star or died interstellar planet.
Embryonic Stars are to the galaxy active nucleus.
When remnant of died star or interstellar planetary mass object reach another star's planetary system, star is beginning capture the huge space clouds. There are almost all chemical elements (Light, heavy, super-heavy). This is reason of star activation. It is alike new Embryonic Stars. Dec. 1. 2007 is nearest date of activation L1157.
3. http://www.astr.ua.edu/keel/agn/ngc6251.html
The blowtorch jet in the radio galaxy NGC 6251. there is not written what is in the centre black hole or quasar. Quasar is million and million times bigger than black hole.
Why a quasar is not the power source?
Yes it is the result via collision of matter.
No it is not the result by the ejection of matter by jets. Quasar is source of ejection of matter as the jets. Quasar creates huge jets of proto-galaxy mass.
4.http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap011101.html
M87's Energetic Jet is well known. There are ejections of proto galaxies mass from quasar. In the link is written about super-massive black hole. In the NASA’s links written about quasar and its shocked Forbidden lines. Forbidden lines has quasar only
(from link of NASA) A spectrum of M87 obtained in the 1150-2000 A spectral range by the IUE is discussed. The visual and UV energy distribution of the nucleus of M87 reveals an essentially continuous curve from 1300 to 10,500 A, and a turnup in flux below 2200 A. It is shown that this turnup is not a consequence of scattered light in the instrument, while a plot of the deconvolved M87 UV profile and the visual profile shows that the radiation in the 1300-2200 A spectral regions is distributed in the same way as the visual radiation it is not a point source. In addition, there is evidence in the UV for the emission line of C IV the relative strengths of C IV, H beta, and the forbidden O III lines at 4959 and 5007 A are consistent with those seen in planetary nebulae, but the forbidden O II line at 3727 A is much too strong.
(cosmogeological explanation) Forbidden O II line at 3727 A is evidence of huge planetary meal by quasar. Big consistence of oxygen is only into planets. Planets are exploding to the quasar. Permanently explosion stars and its planets are creating surrounded fiery clouds. Without permanently explosions quasar could rapidly absorb surrounded fiery clouds and we have never seen forbidden lines in its spectrum. Permanently explosion stars and its planets are evidence of huge radiation and rapid variation of brightens displayed by many quasars.
Each physicist can understand this discovery. Quasar is surrounded by red-hot clouds. There are almost all main chemical elements of planetary bodies and stars. Evidence is spectrum of quasar. Shocked forbidden lines are evidence. Chemical elements into clouds are absorbing huge radiation from ultra dense nucleus of the quasar. Demolition stellar and planetary chemical elements to the level of protons and neutrons are reason a lot of nuclear reactions and huge radiations. Huge radiations of exploded stellar and planetary chemical elements from ultra dense nucleus of quasar are absorbing by same chemical elements of huge red-hot clouds surrounded the quasar.
Quasar’s ultra dense nucleus is surrounded by huge clouds (star-like body).
At the initial stage there are not clouds and shocked Forbidden lines of course, it looks as a black hole. Reason is simply huge collision of matter (mass of permanently multi-stage destroyed, gravitational demolition spiral galaxies).
Complication in the scientific links is easily understandable.
Why a quasar is not the power source?
I’m so busy. I’ll continue.
Hello All
Hello Margiani
The power houses throught the universe is centred around compacted cores such as Neutorn stars, theoretical quark stars and preon stars and black holes. These compact cores have ultra dense degenerate matter. They suck in all types of matter from stars to galaxies and while this matter is falling towards the compacted core they collide and also breakdown by the immense gravity, while they do this they release huge amounts of EMR forming the quarsar. Mini quarsars are formed via jets from the compacted cores.
If you have a chance read up on jets.
A common mistake is that main stream cosmologists think that jets are created by the forces of falling matter into a compacted core such as a black hole. A compacted core is similar regardless of its size. We can study jets via Neutron stars and see jets expelled from the star, similar to our sun that expells matter via jets.
A jet does not mean that a star is dead, in actual fact it has become more potential in going through another phase in star formation, Just like a butterfly.
When I post links, they are there for the independant information and it does not mean I agree with them. I post them just incase I'm mistaken.
We are all learniing and the more I read the more I learn how little I know.
Hello Margiani
The power houses throught the universe is centred around compacted cores such as Neutorn stars, theoretical quark stars and preon stars and black holes. These compact cores have ultra dense degenerate matter. They suck in all types of matter from stars to galaxies and while this matter is falling towards the compacted core they collide and also breakdown by the immense gravity, while they do this they release huge amounts of EMR forming the quarsar. Mini quarsars are formed via jets from the compacted cores.
If you have a chance read up on jets.
A common mistake is that main stream cosmologists think that jets are created by the forces of falling matter into a compacted core such as a black hole. A compacted core is similar regardless of its size. We can study jets via Neutron stars and see jets expelled from the star, similar to our sun that expells matter via jets.
A jet does not mean that a star is dead, in actual fact it has become more potential in going through another phase in star formation, Just like a butterfly.
When I post links, they are there for the independant information and it does not mean I agree with them. I post them just incase I'm mistaken.
We are all learniing and the more I read the more I learn how little I know.
Hello Margiani
The link
The blowtorch jet in the radio galaxy NGC 6251
http://www.markelowitz.com/cosmology.htm
This may hold the secrets to the origin or the recycling process of the ongoing universe.
The link
The blowtorch jet in the radio galaxy NGC 6251
http://www.markelowitz.com/cosmology.htm
QUOTE
One important lesson from radio galaxies is that the central engine continues to eject material in nearly the same direction for at least several million years, based on the fact that the tiny parsec-scale jets in the core regions point in the same direction as the very extended radio structure which may stretch several million light-years (and thus took at least that many years to form). The nearby radio galaxy NGC 6251 is an excellent example
This may hold the secrets to the origin or the recycling process of the ongoing universe.
Hello All
This link is very interesting reading.
http://arxiv.org/abs/0801.2965
and click the pdf file.
This link is very interesting reading.
http://arxiv.org/abs/0801.2965
and click the pdf file.
QUOTE
Cosmology and Cosmogony in a Cyclic Universe
Authors: Jayant V. Narlikar, Geoffrey Burbidge, R.G. Vishwakarma
(Submitted on 18 Jan 2008)
Abstract: In this paper we discuss the properties of the quasi-steady state cosmological model (QSSC) developed in 1993 in its role as a cyclic model of the universe driven by a negative energy scalar field. We discuss the origin of such a scalar field in the primary creation process first described by F. Hoyle and J. V. Narlikar forty years ago. It is shown that the creation processes which takes place in the nuclei of galaxies are closely linked to the high energy and explosive phenomena, which are commonly observed in galaxies at all redshifts.
The cyclic nature of the universe provides a natural link between the places of origin of the microwave background radiation (arising in hydrogen burning in stars), and the origin of the lightest nuclei (H, D, He$^3$ and He$^4$). It also allows us to relate the large scale cyclic properties of the universe to events taking place in the nuclei of galaxies. Observational evidence shows that ejection of matter and energy from these centers in the form of compact objects, gas and relativistic particles is responsible for the population of quasi-stellar objects (QSOs) and gamma-ray burst sources in the universe.
In the later parts of the paper we briefly discuss the major unsolved problems of this integrated cosmological and cosmogonical scheme. These are the understanding of the origin of the intrinsic redshifts, and the periodicities in the redshift distribution of the QSOs.
Authors: Jayant V. Narlikar, Geoffrey Burbidge, R.G. Vishwakarma
(Submitted on 18 Jan 2008)
Abstract: In this paper we discuss the properties of the quasi-steady state cosmological model (QSSC) developed in 1993 in its role as a cyclic model of the universe driven by a negative energy scalar field. We discuss the origin of such a scalar field in the primary creation process first described by F. Hoyle and J. V. Narlikar forty years ago. It is shown that the creation processes which takes place in the nuclei of galaxies are closely linked to the high energy and explosive phenomena, which are commonly observed in galaxies at all redshifts.
The cyclic nature of the universe provides a natural link between the places of origin of the microwave background radiation (arising in hydrogen burning in stars), and the origin of the lightest nuclei (H, D, He$^3$ and He$^4$). It also allows us to relate the large scale cyclic properties of the universe to events taking place in the nuclei of galaxies. Observational evidence shows that ejection of matter and energy from these centers in the form of compact objects, gas and relativistic particles is responsible for the population of quasi-stellar objects (QSOs) and gamma-ray burst sources in the universe.
In the later parts of the paper we briefly discuss the major unsolved problems of this integrated cosmological and cosmogonical scheme. These are the understanding of the origin of the intrinsic redshifts, and the periodicities in the redshift distribution of the QSOs.
Hello Costas
You are realy space detective.
You'll become great investigator.
Thanks.
You are realy space detective.
You'll become great investigator.
Thanks.
Hello Margiani
You make me smile.
If you are interested in that theory I will post you more links. Just ask. No use posting when nobody reads it.
In the last six months, many are looking at the cyclic universe or a combination of the cyclic with the big bang.
You make me smile.
If you are interested in that theory I will post you more links. Just ask. No use posting when nobody reads it.
In the last six months, many are looking at the cyclic universe or a combination of the cyclic with the big bang.
Hello Costas
You can send not only links, please send all your suspects about cyclic universe.
Good Luck
You can send not only links, please send all your suspects about cyclic universe.
Good Luck
Hello Margiani
Sorry for being slow, but! I'm in the middle of a project and will be out of mind for a few days.
This does not mean I do not read these posts.
Here are a few links:
Keep well and happy
http://srb.npaci.edu/cgi-bin/nsdl.cgi?uid=...steinhardt.html
Thats a matter of opinion
===========================================
http://video.aol.com/video-detail/roger-pe...odel/2235950917
Thats a matter of opinion
===========================================
http://video.aol.com/video-detail/roger-pe...odel/2235950917
Roger Penrose interviewed about his new model of the universe. From what I und...erstand, he is saying that when our current universe reaches heat death, a new Big Bang is triggered. ====================================== If you are interested in this idea and have a good grasp of theoretical physics(I sure don't), you can watch him give a lecture on it here... http://streamer.perimeterinstitute.ca/medi...uldResize=False When you reach the page, click Seminar on the sidebar and it should be on page 2. The
======================================
http://www.lulu.com/content/2051521
======================================
http://www.physics.unc.edu/~frampton/cyclic.html
Cyclic Universe
Worth reading
=======================================
Keep in mind that they are all theories.
Sorry for being slow, but! I'm in the middle of a project and will be out of mind for a few days.
This does not mean I do not read these posts.
Here are a few links:
Keep well and happy
http://srb.npaci.edu/cgi-bin/nsdl.cgi?uid=...steinhardt.html
QUOTE
ActionBioscience.org editor's note: The Cyclic Universe model does not replace the Big Bang theory but offers a potential alternative to certain aspects of the Big Bang that are longstanding problems. Some scientists are excited about its potential while others are cautious or skeptical. The Cyclic Universe model incorporates concepts from standard physics, string theory, and M-theory. For anyone who has ever wondered what lies beyond the Universe, the Cyclic Universe model may provide some answers.
Thats a matter of opinion
===========================================
http://video.aol.com/video-detail/roger-pe...odel/2235950917
QUOTE (->
| QUOTE |
| ActionBioscience.org editor's note: The Cyclic Universe model does not replace the Big Bang theory but offers a potential alternative to certain aspects of the Big Bang that are longstanding problems. Some scientists are excited about its potential while others are cautious or skeptical. The Cyclic Universe model incorporates concepts from standard physics, string theory, and M-theory. For anyone who has ever wondered what lies beyond the Universe, the Cyclic Universe model may provide some answers. |
Thats a matter of opinion
===========================================
http://video.aol.com/video-detail/roger-pe...odel/2235950917
Roger Penrose interviewed about his new model of the universe. From what I und...erstand, he is saying that when our current universe reaches heat death, a new Big Bang is triggered. ====================================== If you are interested in this idea and have a good grasp of theoretical physics(I sure don't), you can watch him give a lecture on it here... http://streamer.perimeterinstitute.ca/medi...uldResize=False When you reach the page, click Seminar on the sidebar and it should be on page 2. The
======================================
http://www.lulu.com/content/2051521
QUOTE
The Universe is in Cyclic Equilibrium with the Gravitational CentriPetal forces balanced by the CentriFugal forces of moving masses.The Potential real energy and the Vector energy create an oscillation between the two energies to keep the Universe oscillating via conservation of energy. The cycle time is 16.5 Billion years. The mass and radius of the universe are related to the Gravitational Constant and the speed of light. Theses constants are important in determining the ratio of the mass and radius of the Universe. Electricity also plays a role in configurations. Electricity plays the same role as Gravity as a Potential energy center.
======================================
http://www.physics.unc.edu/~frampton/cyclic.html
Cyclic Universe
Worth reading
=======================================
Keep in mind that they are all theories.
Hello Mandible
Origin has its meaning in a cyclic universe.
Similar with the earth and the cycles within.
Origin has its meaning in a cyclic universe.
Similar with the earth and the cycles within.
Hello All
Hello All
Margiani said
The main stream cosmologist think that the Jets are created by infalling matter. If this is the case the compacted core being the so called black hole would restrict the direction of the jet.
In many cases the jet is not restricted and is able to travel in space in a about straight line for millions of light years. This driving force must originate from the internal forces of the black hole.
Relativistic jets and beams in radio galaxies
The main stream cosmologist think that the Jets are created by infalling matter. If this is the case the compacted core being the so called black hole would restrict the direction of the jet.
In many cases the jet is not restricted and is able to travel in space in a about straight line for millions of light years. This driving force must originate from the internal forces of the black hole.
Relativistic jets and beams in radio galaxies
MARTIN J. REES
Institute of Astronomy, Madingley Road, Cambridge, UK
RADIO-ASTRONOMICAL observations have recently clarified the link between the components of extended double sources and the primary power supply in the central galactic nucleus. The new data vindicate the general idea1−4 that power is continuously supplied by beams; it seems, furthermore, that the beams are collimated in a scale little larger than the central power supply ( 1 pc), and that the orientation remains fairly steady over the whole lifetime. The giant double source 3C236, 2 107 light yr in total extent5,6, has a compact central component aligned with the overall axis7; a similar phenomenon is observed in Cygnus A (ref. 8). In NGC6251, a straight jet 200 kpc long9 emanates from a 'blowtorch' 0.1 pc wide in the galactic nucleus10. There is a radio jet11 in 3C147 reminiscent of the well-known features in M87 and 3C273; and very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) reveals linear structure in several compact extragalactic sources12. It is argued here that collimation occurs close to a central collapsed object, and that the beams are orientated along its spin axis. Strong-field gravitational effects then stabilise the beams against jitter even if the gas fuelling the source has an inconstant flow pattern. Radio galaxies where the beam axis seems to have gradually drifted or swung, rather than pointing in a constant direction, may belong to a special class that have experienced collisions and recurrent nuclear activity.
Hello All
Margiani said
QUOTE
No it is not the result by the ejection of matter by jets. Quasar is source of ejection of matter as the jets. Quasar creates huge jets of proto-galaxy mass.
The main stream cosmologist think that the Jets are created by infalling matter. If this is the case the compacted core being the so called black hole would restrict the direction of the jet.
In many cases the jet is not restricted and is able to travel in space in a about straight line for millions of light years. This driving force must originate from the internal forces of the black hole.
Relativistic jets and beams in radio galaxies
QUOTE (->
| QUOTE |
| No it is not the result by the ejection of matter by jets. Quasar is source of ejection of matter as the jets. Quasar creates huge jets of proto-galaxy mass. |
The main stream cosmologist think that the Jets are created by infalling matter. If this is the case the compacted core being the so called black hole would restrict the direction of the jet.
In many cases the jet is not restricted and is able to travel in space in a about straight line for millions of light years. This driving force must originate from the internal forces of the black hole.
Relativistic jets and beams in radio galaxies
MARTIN J. REES
Institute of Astronomy, Madingley Road, Cambridge, UK
RADIO-ASTRONOMICAL observations have recently clarified the link between the components of extended double sources and the primary power supply in the central galactic nucleus. The new data vindicate the general idea1−4 that power is continuously supplied by beams; it seems, furthermore, that the beams are collimated in a scale little larger than the central power supply ( 1 pc), and that the orientation remains fairly steady over the whole lifetime. The giant double source 3C236, 2 107 light yr in total extent5,6, has a compact central component aligned with the overall axis7; a similar phenomenon is observed in Cygnus A (ref. 8). In NGC6251, a straight jet 200 kpc long9 emanates from a 'blowtorch' 0.1 pc wide in the galactic nucleus10. There is a radio jet11 in 3C147 reminiscent of the well-known features in M87 and 3C273; and very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) reveals linear structure in several compact extragalactic sources12. It is argued here that collimation occurs close to a central collapsed object, and that the beams are orientated along its spin axis. Strong-field gravitational effects then stabilise the beams against jitter even if the gas fuelling the source has an inconstant flow pattern. Radio galaxies where the beam axis seems to have gradually drifted or swung, rather than pointing in a constant direction, may belong to a special class that have experienced collisions and recurrent nuclear activity.
universe has no origins
universe is a non created system - eternal
universe is a non created system - eternal
Dear adherent! ....already forgot!
1. ........
2. Universe has no age!
3. Universe has no border!
Recycling and renewing are already proved!
http://www.cosmogeology.ge/chapter-28.htm
Good luck!
1. ........
2. Universe has no age!
3. Universe has no border!
Recycling and renewing are already proved!
http://www.cosmogeology.ge/chapter-28.htm
Good luck!
Hello All
Amrid said
It is not as simple as it looks.
The word universe means all and all being infinite is unable to expand or contract.
The parts within the universe do their thing day in day out.
As Margiani said the universe is in an endless cyclic process.
How the Big Bang fits in the process is another issue.
======================================
Margianni said
It is not as simple as it looks.
The word universe means all and all being infinite is unable to expand or contract.
The parts within the universe do their thing day in day out.
As Margiani said the universe is in an endless cyclic process.
How the Big Bang fits in the process is another issue.
======================================
Margianni said
Recycling and renewing are already proved!
It is far from being proved. It does not matter if we think its true. Main stream cosmologists must think along the same line.
Cyclic universe can explain all the issues without ad hoc ideas that the Big Bang relies on.
Amrid said
QUOTE
universe has no origins
universe is a non created system - eternal
universe is a non created system - eternal
It is not as simple as it looks.
The word universe means all and all being infinite is unable to expand or contract.
The parts within the universe do their thing day in day out.
As Margiani said the universe is in an endless cyclic process.
How the Big Bang fits in the process is another issue.
======================================
Margianni said
QUOTE (->
| QUOTE |
| universe has no origins universe is a non created system - eternal |
It is not as simple as it looks.
The word universe means all and all being infinite is unable to expand or contract.
The parts within the universe do their thing day in day out.
As Margiani said the universe is in an endless cyclic process.
How the Big Bang fits in the process is another issue.
======================================
Margianni said
Recycling and renewing are already proved!
It is far from being proved. It does not matter if we think its true. Main stream cosmologists must think along the same line.
Cyclic universe can explain all the issues without ad hoc ideas that the Big Bang relies on.
Hello All,
it's possible that it will be useful to look at
an arXiv link "the Information and the Matter" (physics 0703043 pdf) - that can be found through Google at once (when here direct links impossible)
____________
There one can find some answers on the questions:
- about Origin;
- about its "infinity";
- etc. about the physics, may be useful also...
Since the Information - which is infinite set - is atmost fundamental and "is the first" when the Universe, Consiouness, all beside the Universe, etc. - are specific realizations of the information of the set "Information".
it's possible that it will be useful to look at
an arXiv link "the Information and the Matter" (physics 0703043 pdf) - that can be found through Google at once (when here direct links impossible)
____________
There one can find some answers on the questions:
- about Origin;
- about its "infinity";
- etc. about the physics, may be useful also...
Since the Information - which is infinite set - is atmost fundamental and "is the first" when the Universe, Consiouness, all beside the Universe, etc. - are specific realizations of the information of the set "Information".
Hello sDs
Go to arXiv link and search any topic rather than google.
It will be more specific and eliminate many links that are no good.
Go to arXiv link and search any topic rather than google.
It will be more specific and eliminate many links that are no good.
Hello, Harry Costas
"Go to arXiv link and search any topic rather than google.
It will be more specific and eliminate many links that are no good. "
- that’s just right, of course.
But when I attempted to put into post the arXiv link – I got the message that I made the error.
So – let the link be as
ttp://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0703043 -?
After added “h” at right side we obtain the address-?.
"Go to arXiv link and search any topic rather than google.
It will be more specific and eliminate many links that are no good. "
- that’s just right, of course.
But when I attempted to put into post the arXiv link – I got the message that I made the error.
So – let the link be as
ttp://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0703043 -?
After added “h” at right side we obtain the address-?.
Hello sDs
Try this
I printed in the search, top righ Mozina
and got this
http://arxiv.org/find/grp_cs,grp_math,grp_...a/0/1/0/all/0/1
now go into the link and type what you want to search.
Try this
I printed in the search, top righ Mozina
and got this
http://arxiv.org/find/grp_cs,grp_math,grp_...a/0/1/0/all/0/1
now go into the link and type what you want to search.
QUOTE (Harry Costas+Mar 19 2008, 08:55 AM)
Hello sDs
Try this
I printed in the search, top righ Mozina
and got this
[SEE LINK in preliminary post Harry Costas]
now go into the link and type what you want to search.
Hello Harry Costas
Many thanks for the link!
I walked to the link, printed in search window "the information and the
matter" and got one - and true - link.
(But to put your link is impossibl for me here they don't allow, even in QUOTE)
So - if you looked at the paper? It would be noted, that the approach is
rather unusual and so sometimes require some time to evaluate. Though I know a
people which evaluate it at once practically. Regrettably - they weren't
some "official journals" editors.
At that - the approach well corresponds to something like of Feynman,
Penrouse, Wheeler, (and Fredkin, Toffoli, Kull, Margulis....) etc. works.
The main difference - when all these authors stopped in the face of
"Wheeler's line":
"How does something arise from nothing? "
- this approach possibly step over it.
Try this
I printed in the search, top righ Mozina
and got this
[SEE LINK in preliminary post Harry Costas]
now go into the link and type what you want to search.
Hello Harry Costas
Many thanks for the link!
I walked to the link, printed in search window "the information and the
matter" and got one - and true - link.
(But to put your link is impossibl for me here they don't allow, even in QUOTE)
So - if you looked at the paper? It would be noted, that the approach is
rather unusual and so sometimes require some time to evaluate. Though I know a
people which evaluate it at once practically. Regrettably - they weren't
some "official journals" editors.
At that - the approach well corresponds to something like of Feynman,
Penrouse, Wheeler, (and Fredkin, Toffoli, Kull, Margulis....) etc. works.
The main difference - when all these authors stopped in the face of
"Wheeler's line":
"How does something arise from nothing? "
- this approach possibly step over it.
Hello sDs
Maybe I'm missing the train.
Can you explain what you are after?
Maybe I can help in finding links for you.
Maybe I'm missing the train.
Can you explain what you are after?
Maybe I can help in finding links for you.
QUOTE (Harry Costas+Mar 20 2008, 08:31 AM)
Hello sDs
Maybe I'm missing the train.
Can you explain what you are after?
Maybe I can help in finding links for you.
Hello Harry Costas,
(1) "Can you explain what you are" - I'm who suggested in this thread to discuss the arXiv PDF article "The Information and the Matter" where the U-Origin problem is also considered. Because of I can not point out the article's link in my post (as I understood - because of I'm "too new" member), I was forced to point another ways - through google and by putting in the Explorer address window an invalid string "ttp://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0703043" which becomes valid after adding first letter "h" - then to click enter; and - by using the link which you used, but they didn't allow me to do that even in QUOTE your post.
(2) "Maybe I'm missing the train." - that's not so. The train, it seems, is till now in point A.
To move the train I compile here my former posts
________________
Hello All,
it's possible that it will be useful to look at
an arXiv link "the Information and the Matter" (physics 0703043 pdf) - that can be found through Google at once (when here direct links impossible)
____________
There one can find some answers on the questions:
- about Origin;
- about its "infinity";
- etc. about the physics, may be useful also...
Since the Information - which is infinite set - is utmost fundamental and "is the first" when the Universe, Consciousness, all beside the Universe, etc. - are specific realizations of the information of the set "Information".
And:
So - if you (or somebody else who found the article) looked at the paper?
It would be noted, that the approach is
rather unusual and so sometimes require some time to evaluate. Though I know a
people which evaluate it at once practically. Regrettably - they weren't
some "official journals" editors.
At that - the approach well corresponds to something like of Feynman,
Penrouse, Wheeler, (and Fredkin, Toffoli, Kull, Margulis....) etc. works.
The main difference - when all these authors stopped in the face of
"Wheeler's line": "How does something arise from nothing? "
- this approach seems steps
over it.
Maybe I'm missing the train.
Can you explain what you are after?
Maybe I can help in finding links for you.
Hello Harry Costas,
(1) "Can you explain what you are" - I'm who suggested in this thread to discuss the arXiv PDF article "The Information and the Matter" where the U-Origin problem is also considered. Because of I can not point out the article's link in my post (as I understood - because of I'm "too new" member), I was forced to point another ways - through google and by putting in the Explorer address window an invalid string "ttp://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0703043" which becomes valid after adding first letter "h" - then to click enter; and - by using the link which you used, but they didn't allow me to do that even in QUOTE your post.
(2) "Maybe I'm missing the train." - that's not so. The train, it seems, is till now in point A.
To move the train I compile here my former posts
________________
Hello All,
it's possible that it will be useful to look at
an arXiv link "the Information and the Matter" (physics 0703043 pdf) - that can be found through Google at once (when here direct links impossible)
____________
There one can find some answers on the questions:
- about Origin;
- about its "infinity";
- etc. about the physics, may be useful also...
Since the Information - which is infinite set - is utmost fundamental and "is the first" when the Universe, Consciousness, all beside the Universe, etc. - are specific realizations of the information of the set "Information".
And:
So - if you (or somebody else who found the article) looked at the paper?
It would be noted, that the approach is
rather unusual and so sometimes require some time to evaluate. Though I know a
people which evaluate it at once practically. Regrettably - they weren't
some "official journals" editors.
At that - the approach well corresponds to something like of Feynman,
Penrouse, Wheeler, (and Fredkin, Toffoli, Kull, Margulis....) etc. works.
The main difference - when all these authors stopped in the face of
"Wheeler's line": "How does something arise from nothing? "
- this approach seems steps
over it.
Hello sDs
What are you looking for?
You say:
"The Information and matter"
please expand.
Are you looking for the
Origin of matter
Formation of the elements
Or the ability to create matter from nothing
What are you looking for?
You say:
"The Information and matter"
please expand.
Are you looking for the
Origin of matter
Formation of the elements
Or the ability to create matter from nothing
QUOTE (Harry Costas+Mar 20 2008, 08:31 AM)
Hello sDs
Maybe I'm missing the Brain.
Maybe I'm missing the Brain.
Hello username
Please do not miss quote.
Although it is funny,,,,,,smile
Please do not miss quote.
Although it is funny,,,,,,smile
Hello All
for people that found already the article "the Information and the Matter", v2
(ttp://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0703043; +h as first letter)
- the version 3 with add sub-part relating to the gravity of moving particles appeared
__________________
Hello Harry Costas
As to you wrote in the article you can find:
You say:
["The Information and matter"
please expand. ] - expanded answer
[Origin of matter] - expanded answer
[Formation of the elements] - no answer
[Or the ability to create matter from nothing] -- expanded answer
for people that found already the article "the Information and the Matter", v2
(ttp://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0703043; +h as first letter)
- the version 3 with add sub-part relating to the gravity of moving particles appeared
__________________
Hello Harry Costas
As to you wrote in the article you can find:
You say:
["The Information and matter"
please expand. ] - expanded answer
[Origin of matter] - expanded answer
[Formation of the elements] - no answer
[Or the ability to create matter from nothing] -- expanded answer
Hello sDs
I know what information I want.
What do you want?
I know what information I want.
What do you want?
Hello All
Interesting reading
Plasma: The other 99.9%
http://thunderbolts.info/tpod/2005/arch05/051031plasma.htm
I think that research into plasma will open the flood gates to understanding the issues that have troubled the Big Bang theory.
Interesting reading
Plasma: The other 99.9%
http://thunderbolts.info/tpod/2005/arch05/051031plasma.htm
QUOTE
Over 99.9% of the universe is made of plasma, including the Sun and
all stars, and most of the space in between. So if you don't know the
basic properties of plasmas, then you might not understand the
properties of most of the universe.
all stars, and most of the space in between. So if you don't know the
basic properties of plasmas, then you might not understand the
properties of most of the universe.
I think that research into plasma will open the flood gates to understanding the issues that have troubled the Big Bang theory.
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