A303 / A344 / A360 Stonehenge Improvement Programme

There are Three (3) Tunnels to dig (The Pagan, The Druid, and The Wiccan) and an Airman's Corner Stonehenge Visitor Centre to build by the 2012 Olympics.

Airman's Corner, Stonehenge - Google Maps

Stonehenge Three (3) Tunnels' Names:
A303 Stonehenge Tunnel Name - The Pagan Tunnel
A344 Stonehenge Tunnel Name - The Druid Tunnel
A360 Stonehenge Tunnel Name - The Wiccan Tunnel

Stonehenge Three (3) Tunnels' Lengths:
The Pagan at Stonehenge - 5.5 kilometres (3.4 miles)
The Druid at Stonehenge - 3.0 kilometres (1.9 miles)
The Wiccan at Stonehenge - 1.5 kilometres (1.0 miles)

Stonehenge Visitors' Centre Name:
Airman's Corner Stonehenge Visitor Centre

National Trust's going to Avenue Banks to withdraw Construction Funds from Heel Stone Vault for these Three (3) Tunnels and New Visitors' Centre next.

New dig probes Wiltshire's Stonehenge mystery (from This Is Wiltshire)

Heelstone dig Next:

Garry Denke - Stonehenge
Heel Stone Refraction Seismic
Denoco Inc. - Stonehenge
Heelstone Refraction Seismic

Re: "http://www.physorg.com/news126983512.html", where they claim Stonehenge was a "healing" site, I think their theory is incorrect.

My theory is that Stonehenge was the ancient equivalent of the Supreme Court/United Nations. At the time it was built, there were local chieftans/kings, England didn't have one king, there were dozens, if not hundreds. Whenever you have borders, you have border disputes. Border disputes lead to wars. Eventually, leaders get wise about not going to war over some pig thief, so they agree to convene on a certain date to resolve disputes, usually involving crimes that cross borders.

The architecture of Stonehenge, and many other sites, suits the requirements of an open-air courtroom. It's outside because it's used infrequently, so there's no reason for a roof, or maybe it's open to the sky because they were pagans and felt that having the open sky above would allow the gods to hear the proceedings and give omens as indications of their feelings about the disputes.

Local sites had smaller circles, but the arrangement wasn't so much a true fence or fort as it was a symbolic perimeter beyond which parties were not allowed to cross, serving much as velvet ropes do to keep people in lines (and help the bouncers identify trouble-makers early). They would've started out as courts for trying criminals, with the interested parties being allowed close enough to hear what was going on, but far enough back to prevent them from trying to take the law into their own hands.

How I came upon this theory was from a perfectly innocent observation I heard during a documentary, where the archeologist mentioned that the older, bigger stones were cold to the touch, while the bluestones were warm to the touch, almost like wood. It struck me then that the installation of the bluestones was for a practical reason - Would you rather lean against a cold stone all day (as border disputes back then might've taken days or weeks to resolve), or would you rather lean against a stone that's naturally warm to the touch? Especially considering that the people selected as judges or representatives of the local kings would've been older, and more prone to back problems.

I've read more about the site's architecture, how it changed over the years, and it all seems to fit my theory that it served as a court, first, and later as a place where kings resolved disputes by talking rather than going to war. It was a transitional element in England becoming a united country rather than a "Balkan-like" territory with the inevitable continuous feudal wars. I'm guessing that the number of stone in the horse-shoe represented the number of contiguous kingdoms at the time of the building of the structure, one large stone per kingdom, with an interested party's representative standing in front of the stone.

This may have been the origin of the "Round Table" myth. Not really a table where you sit, but where all present could be heard and justice could be dealt-out, and peace between kingdoms could be maintained.

Now that Timothy Darvill, Archaeologist and Geoffrey Wainwright, Archaeologist have confirmed Stonehenge broadly mirrors South Wales geology as proposed by Garry Denke, Geologist in the '70s, here are more geological, paleontological, and geophysical papers from their reading list.

1) Denke, G.W. 1973. Stonehenge Phase I: An Openpit Coalfield Model; The First Geologic Mining School. (Indiana University of Pennsylvania) GDG, 73: 1-56.
2) Denke, G.W. 1975. Invertibrate Paleontology of the High Tor Limestone (Lower Carboniferous) and the Upper Senonian Chalk (Late Cretaceous) of Stonehenge. (Arizona State University) GDG, 75: 1-7.
3) Denke, G.W. 1977. Possible Source Areas of the High Tor Limestone (Early Mississippian) Fill of the Aubrey Holes and Heel Stone Ditch in Europe. (Arizona State University) GDG, 77: 1-24.
4) Beus, S.S. 1984. Fossil Associations in the High Tor Limestone (Lower Carboniferous) of South Wales. (Northern Arizona University) Journal of Paleontology, 58: 3; 651-667.
5) Denke, G.W. 1984. Mid-Dinantian (Waulsortian Facies) High Tor Limestone: The First Stones Transported to Stonehenge from the South Wales Coast. (Arizona State University) GDG, 84: 1-4.
6) Denke, G. 1984. Magnetic and Electromagnetic Surveys at Heelstone, Stonehenge, United Kingdom. (Indiana University of Pennsylvania) GDG, 84: 5-42.
7) Lees, A. and Miller, J. 1985. Facies variatian in Waulsortian buildups, Part 2; Mid-Dinantian buildups from Europe and North America. (Revised) Geological Journal, 20: 159-180.
8) Geologist, Denke, G. 1986. The Paleontology of Stonehenge, England. (Arizona State University) GDG, 86: 1-3. (State of Texas, County of Stonewall, Book 393, Pages 848-853)

http://www.archaeology.co.uk/index.php?opt...d=402&Itemid=26

Archaeology is a fascinating subject. Enjoy.

The Ancient Mines Coal

You just cannot beat the Ancient way of coal mining in 800,000 BC - 100,000 BC, living in a virgin coal seam is definitely a lot of work. The Ancient ignited the surface coal seam and mined all night long, while asleep. Warm and cozy by the fire, the Ancient surface coal mined itself. Yes indeed the Ancient coal mining operations were very time consuming. The Ancient hunted for food all day long, just to return to a hot continuous fire, as the coal mines. Well go ahead and yawn home builder, while sleeping, the Ancient coal mines a home heated cave.

NW to SE

Pembrokeshire Coalfield -> South Wales Coalfield -> Bristol Coalfield -> Salisbury Plain

Fields Map

Coalfield -> 40 miles -> Coalfield -> 40 miles -> Coalfield -> 40 miles -> Prospect Area

Geology Map

800,000 BC Coalfield -> 800,000 BC Coalfield -> 100,000 BC Coalfield -> Stonehenge

Stonehenge Coal Trend

Denke is saying that Ancient Britain's oldest 3 coalfields are spaced 40 miles apart, from NW to SE; first Pembrokeshire, second South Wales, third Bristol. The first (anthracite) and second (bituminous) were discovered by Homo erectus 800 kya, the third (bituminous) by Neanderthal 100 kya; Denke's hand-axes, coal cinders and fly-ashes dated. Later, after the extinction of Homo erectus and Neanderthal, the Homo sapiens explored Salisbury Plain for coal; first 10 kya (carpark tests), then 5 kya (henge ditches). Denke is saying these oldest 3 coalfields of Ancient Britain being aligned and spaced 40 miles apart is what caused Salisbury Plain coal exploration. Why? Because that area is 40 miles SE of Bristol in the surface coal trend. The Ancient observation of that NW to SE trend direction and equally spaced distance caused Woodhenge, Durrington Walls, Stonehenge, Avebury Henges, etc spudding 5 kya by Homo sapiens in search of a fourth coalfield. After a persistent effort none of these test ditches yielded any coal, and according to Denke, they discovered the reason why. The "white stone" fossils encircling (coal bearing limestone) the oldest 3 coal fields were different than the "white stone" fossils in Salisbury Plain (non-coal bearing chalk). Denke is saying that tons of this encircled limestone from the oldest 3 coalfields were brought to Stonehenge for schooling Ancient Britain holdout wildcatters. Stonehenge was chosen as the school's site because it was unoccupied by Homo sapiens and an athletic field was already there. Later, 'higher education' rocks from around Ancient Britain's first and second coalfields, Pembrokeshire and South Wales, were brought as geology class exhibits for holdout extremists. Parents and teachers honoured Ancient Welsh coal miners on Saturdays, student football and athletics played on Sundays. Personally, my thought on this is that Denke was definitely insane, for as everybody knows, a school never has an athletic field. [Doctor Garry Whilhelm Denke (1622-1699) Diary (Summer, 1656) -descendant interpretation-]

Three (3) Coal Fields

Ancient Britain's oldest 3 coalfields' surface 40 miles apart; from NW to SE -> Pembrokeshire -> 40 miles -> South Wales -> 40 miles -> Bristol -> 40 miles -> Salisbury Plain -> where coal should have been present. The Ancient preferred using the 3 coalfields' fuel between the Ice Ages, and the Ancient survived because of the 3 coalfields' fuel during the Ice Ages.

Three (3) Test Holes

Salisbury Plain Prospect Area was first tested in 8,000 BC by Homo sapiens spudding 3 coal exploratory holes 40 miles SE of the Neanderthal Bristol Coalfield. They found no coal in the top layer "white stone", and they found no coal in the formation "white stone". 3 Pine Timbers from the 3 acidic soil NW coalfields were set in the 3 coal duster holes, bust marked.

...they rotted...

Coal exploration for Ancient Britain's preferred fuel in Salisbury Plain re-emerged around 5,000 years later, after 3 coal prospect bust holes' 3 pine timbers from the 3 surface coalfields had rotted. Homo sapiens sapiens re-surveyed -> Pembrokeshire -> 40 miles -> South Wales -> 40 miles -> Bristol -> 40 miles -> Salisbury Plain -> where coal was predicted to be.

Explored, Explored, Explored, Explored, etc

...they stoned...

Paleolithic 800,000-year-old Acheulian hand-axes from Homo erectus' opencast Pembrokeshire Coalfield anthracite coal cinders and South Wales Coalfield bituminous bottom ashes indicate pre-Neanderthal coal mining.

Homo erectus burnt 800,000-year-old Crosskeys Coal fly-ashes sampled from a Pontycymer Class C - Class F bituminous South Wales Coalfield mined Paleolithic cave dated 700,000 years previous to 100,000 years BC.

The German historian, antiquarian, and dentist, Doctor Garry Whilhelm Denke (1622-1699), recovered the 800,000-year-old Acheulian hand-axes and sampled the 800,000-year-old Crosskeys Coal fly-ashes in 1656.

Neanderthal followed NW to SE anthracite Pembrokeshire Coalfield - bituminous South Wales Coalfield trend to Paleolithic bituminous Bristol Coalfield discovery causing Homo sapiens' Mesolithic dug carpark 3 coal dusters.

Rest simple History, under the Heelstone.

Survived the Ice Ages,

Garry Denke

hey!

You think the stones are magical?

Leylines prove to be quite a thing with sacred stones.

Sandra