Reductio ad absurbum has long been an argument against much of the scientific experimental design of looking at smaller and smaller contributory parts in order to understand the big picture. The systematic ridiculing of this approach has no real merit but serves to destroy the credibility of any arguments based on results from this type of research. In the main the argument tend to be favoured by those who have a superior being hypothesisi about the origin and distribution of objects and organisms in the "universe". However the effect on experimental design has not been all bad, and in any case the argument has been largely ignored especially in high energy physics.

How we reconstruct the large scale from the particular is very important and not clearly outlined in experimental designs as it is assumed that the design brief locates the meaning and use of the result in the overall explanatory matrix. While this is certainly useful it is only a guide. Many schema are now dealing with the issue of emergent properties or functions from increasing complexity which have not been considered or even seen in the original design. That there is such a thing as emergent properties or functions as complexity increases is readily seen in electronic design. This is a "machine" type paradigm but the emergence of artificial intelligence shows the blurring line between biological and machine intelligence.

The combinatorial aspects of simple elements in a system with a large number of elements reveals the power law increases in permutation and arrangement. While the mathematics is impressive the increase in systems and subsystems is what allows for the emergence of properties and functions. So a computer using a large transistor density in its processor chip is more capable of innovative developments than previous 8086 chips.

We have a model of cell function which is now very complex and "machine" like. This cell machine is alive and conscious but can be now coarsely mimiced by nanomachines with simple software.

The issue is how do we go from the small to the complex? The emergence of fractal paradigms now provides a better set of guidelines for generalising to the larger more complex stages. We can now reliably go from the individual molecules through self assembly to virus and capsid formation. Then by iterations we can increase the complexity to cell formation and structure. Iterations again take us through to simple cellular organisms. At each iteration emerging properties are evident and increase The functionality of the organisms.

The transfer of information increases and the emergence of consciousness as a zoological determinant becomes evident.

A similar model or paradigm is in play in the inorganic fraction of the universe, and again in the "field" fraction of the universe.

The use of these terms is only to outline the discussion. Space in many forms is what i look at so fractal procedures on space by iteration are the simple operations that are responsible for all movement and energy transfers of space itself. The study of wada points and attractors as well as vortex description will eventually lead to a better understanding of how this works and how string theoretic paradigms describe more precisely what is going on.