Capracus
27th October 2011 - 09:16 AM
A base in chemistry is a substance that can accept hydrogen ions (protons) or more generally, donate electron pairs.
Capracus
28th October 2011 - 04:25 AM
A soluble base is referred to as an alkali if it contains and releases hydroxide ions (OH−) quantitatively.
Capracus
29th October 2011 - 05:52 AM
The Brønsted-Lowry theory defines bases as proton (hydrogen ion) acceptors, while the more general Lewis theory defines bases as electron pair donors, allowing other Lewis acids than protons to be included.
Capracus
31st October 2011 - 03:02 AM
The oldest Arrhenius theory defines bases as hydroxide anions, which is strictly applicable only to alkali.
Capracus
31st October 2011 - 12:42 PM
Common examples of acids include acetic acid (in vinegar), sulfuric acid (used in car batteries), and tartaric acid (used in baking).
Capracus
1st November 2011 - 02:53 AM
In water, by altering the autoionization equilibrium, bases give solutions with a hydrogen ion activity lower than that of pure water, i.e. a pH higher than 7.0 at standard conditions.
Capracus
2nd November 2011 - 03:01 AM
Examples of common bases are sodium hydroxide and ammonia.
Capracus
3rd November 2011 - 06:45 AM
Metal oxides, hydroxides and especially alkoxides are basic, and counteranions of weak acids are weak bases.