I know you are replying to barakn for his remarks about your statements but, as he has not answered yet let me ask you reply to his questioning with regard to the water vapor condensing into droplets. Both of your points seem viable.
Dear Paul,
Thanks for your interest.
When we talk about the solar energy incoming or leaving the Earth, we take into account the condensed water vapor in clouds (stem, droplets, etc.), which have an effect on albedo. We know that the main absorbers of shortwave infrared radiation are water vapor and ozone. The remainder components of the atmosphere are transparent to the shortwave IR, i.e. carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen, etc. The ozone in the troposphere has a very low concentration, so the water vapor (gaseous phase, not droplets) is the main absorber of IR. The mean of the concentration of water vapor (again, the gaseous phase of water) in the troposphere is 3%, although it can be higher (up to 7%) or lower (1%).
The absorptivity-emissivity of water vapor is higher than the emissivity of carbon dioxide. While the a-e of water vapor at 1 atm-m is 0.75, the a-e of carbon dioxide is sensibly low (0.00092, or 0.001 rounding off the cipher). Besides, the density of the water vapor in the atmosphere is 0.026 Kg/m^3, while the density of carbon dioxide is 0.000155 Kg/m^3.
By applying the laws of heat transfer obtained by observation and experimentation, the carbon dioxide cannot absorb more heat than the water vapor in the atmosphere. If we consider the specific heat of water vapor and compare it with the specific heat of carbon dioxide we find that the carbon dioxide cannot transform the absorbed heat into latent heat because the CO2 loses the absorbed heat almost immediately after it has gained it, while the water vapor keeps the absorbed heat like latent heat for long periods of time. The heat absorbed and stored like latent heat will be transferred when the water vapor condenses to form droplets, snow flakes, etc. in the upper troposphere.
The effects of clouds on the warming of the medium and lower troposphere are well known because of their reflectivity, but this phenomenon has nothing to do with heat stored, which is the theme managed in my article. The storage of heat is based in the specific heat, the total emittancy, the absorptivity and the emissivity, and the laws of heat transfer of the materials.
Another thing is if we talk on climate, where the water in its three phases is an important, although not the unique, driver.
I have to tell you that the referred article was peer reviewed by scientists and engineers, and the errors, which resided on units and mathematical issues, were corrected.