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guiding_light
I found this article at SPIE, thought it would be a good reminder to keep the mind on the physics rather than blindly following the nice mathematical formulas.

The following excerpt gives the physical picture of two-wave interference by focusing on the detection :

"The detecting dipole molecule tries to undulate in response to both superposed EM stimulations. Dark fringes are found where the fields are 180° out of phase because the detecting dipoles cannot undulate in two opposing directions at the same moment. They are not stimulated and hence cannot absorb energy from the fields. The field energy (photons) are not absent from these locations. They simply cannot be absorbed. Bright fringes are found where the two fields stimulate the dipole undulations in phase and in the same direction, maximizing the absorption of energy. The operation or ‘summation’ of amplitudes and phases, represented by the superposition equation, is carried out by the detecting dipoles, not by the two fields themselves. Superposition fringes are locally created by the subnanometer-size detecting molecules!"
Aerohead
Hi guiding_light,

Thanks for that link - a very nice summary article. You should post it over at the "Problem with the double slit experiment" thread.

Besides the paragraph you quoted, I also found this insightful:

"Electrons are indivisible, and their binding energies are quantized. Thus their response to light can only be registered as discrete quantum events irrespective of whether light energy constitutes indivisible photons. Light beams always travel with a finite velocity carrying a finite flux density delivering energy in time. Any registration of light energy patterns will therefore always be built up as accumulated discrete quantum events whose temporal rate will be proportional to the incident flux rate. A low photoelectron count rate is insufficient proof of the indivisibility of photons."

And I particularly like his italicized final statement:

"There is no ‘interference of light,’ there are only ‘superposition effects due to light."

~Jim
Confused2
Hi Guiding Light,

Of spatially mapped interference

Looking at this plot of photon counts
http://www.teachspin.com/instruments/two_s...combiplot2.gif

( taken from here http://www.teachspin.com/instruments/two_s...periments.shtml )

Loosely we see that the constructive interference zones represent areas of twice the power in half the space .. leading to a peak photon count of 4 times the number of photons counted with just one slit open. The photons aren't 'hidden' in the dark areas .. they've upped stakes and moved into the bright areas.

With both slits open the total number of photons is the same (checked by graphical count .. within 5%)

I checked through the conservation of energy here .. as best I could.
http://forum.physorg.com/index.php?showtop...ndpost&p=160646

My conclusion .. in the case of the two slit experiment is that there can be no photons to detect at points of total destructive interference.

And of temporally mapped interference .. ????

If two 1 Watt laser of slightly different frequencies are directed onto a black (body) surface is the total power delivered 2 Watts ?

Assuming yes ..

Taking a slow beat (say 1Hz) .. for half a second we have destructive interference and in the other half second we have twice the amount of energy delivered in half the time ??? To me it would seem the photon count MUST increase by a factor of four at the time of peak constructive interference .. unless there is a free source of photons then the photon count MUST fall to zero during total destructive interference.

If 'no' then I have no point to make.

Best wishes,

-C2.
Montec
Hello C2, et al.

It would be interesting to see what the photon count would be if the slit plate was removed. I say this because two slits have twice the open area of a single slit. Would a single slit with the same area as the double slit have the same photon count?

smile.gif

Confused2
Hi Montec,

QUOTE (Montec+)
Would a single slit with the same area as the double slit have the same photon count?


I don't think so. The result was just counts over the region within the main diffraction hump for the two slits.. quite a lot of photons would be outside the counted region. A wider slit would have a narrower hump and we'd catch more of the little humps so I'd expect to count more than the sum of the single slits. Could be wrong though.

Best wishes,

-C2.

(Shame about the smart photon thread sad.gif )
Montec
Hello C2, et al.

Here is a link that may help explain the questions in my previous post. http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase...mulslid.html#c1
Notice the intensity profile of the peaks from multiple slits is the same shape as that of a single slit.

I may resurrect my "smart photon" thread when I understand the mechanics of momentum transfer for electromagnetic waves and charged particles in more detail.

smile.gif

Confused2
Hi Montec,

I think Wiki ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffraction ) gives a better analysis than hyperphysics. The 'answer' comes out as I(theta) .. clearly we need to integrate between theta_1, theta_2 for N= 1 and N=2 .

Do you feel strong enough to attempt this for (a,1) , (a,2) and (2a,1) ?

If all else fails a numerical analysis would be fairly easy to program .. but would anyone believe the result?

Suggestions welcome.

Best wishes,

-C2.

Edit.. just noticed..

http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase...mulslid.html#c1

"..the light curve of a multiple slit arrangement will be the interference pattern multiplied by the single slit diffraction envelope.."

This may be correct as stated but the drawing is misleading... the single slit envelope is not drawn to the same scale as the 2 slit diffraction.
Montec
Hello C2

Here is the same thing from hyperphysics : http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase...gratint.html#c1

Notice in both (hyperphysics and Wikipedia) final equations the intensity of the N-slit grating is modified by the diffraction envelope of a single slit. The intensity of any point on the detector (for a given wavelength) is a function of the slit width (single slit diffraction), the spacing between slits, and the number of slits in the light source path.

Also remember that the intensity or power (this is what is measured) is always the square of the amplitude of the wave. When two waves add the power is the squared sum.

smile.gif

Edit : Here is a site that explains it better http://physics-animations.com/Physics/Engl...DG10/theory.htm
Confused2
Hi Montec,

I think we might be at cross purposes here..

My answer that the count would change was based on consideration of the result which covers only a small part of the 'screen'...here http://www.teachspin.com/instruments/two_s..._combiplot2.gif where I've actually done a numerical integration of the one/two slit counts. In the more general case I would expect the count over the whole 'screen' to be a linear function of the total slit width. It would be nice to confirm this by integration (numerical or otherwise) as a cross check on a result I've already measured experimentally and assumed to be 'true' in the general case.

Best wishes,

-C2.
Confused2
Hi Montec,

Just caught your edit..

the site you refence here ( http://physics-animations.com/Physics/Engl...DG10/theory.htm ) has the single slit and double slit intensities drawn on the same scale..looks good .. that was my objection to the hyperphysics drawing.

Best wishes,

-C2.

Edit .. on further inspection the first diagram looks good (to me) .. the rest are to 'any' scale .. life!
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